FAMILY1 a group of people who are related to each other2 things that happen in a family or belong in a family3 someone who belongs to your family4 to belong to the same family5 people who are related to you because of marriage6 people who were in the same family as you a long time agoRELATED WORDSsee alsoMOTHERFATHERCHILDBABYRELATIONSHIPHOME1 a group of people who are related to each other 一群相互有亲属关系的人family /ˈfæməli/ [countable noun]a group of people who are related to each other, especially a mother, father, and their children all living together 家，家庭 He comes from a family of eight children. 他来自一个有八个孩子的家庭。 A lot of the families living in this area are very poor. 居住在这一地区的许多家庭都很贫困。member of a family Pearl is the last surviving member of her family. 珀尔是她家中最后一名生存者。the Armstrong/Mitchell/Jones familythe family with this name 阿姆斯特朗家族/米切尔家族/琼斯家族 Various members of the Kennedy family were at the funeral. 肯尼迪家族的一些成员出席了葬礼。immediate familyyour closest relatives 直系亲属 Only her immediate family knew she had heart disease. 只有她的直系亲属知道她有心脏病。nuclear familya family consisting of a mother, a father, and their children 核心家庭 Having an intact nuclear family does not guarantee that a child will turn out well. 有个完整的核心家庭并不能保证培养出来的孩子就一定好。extended familyincluding cousins, grandparents etc 大家庭 My extended family usually gets together at holidays. 我的大家庭通常在假日里相聚。one-parent family/single-parent familya family in which there is only one parent 单亲家庭 Single-parent families are much more common these days. 如今单亲家庭比过去常见得多了。big/large/small family I grew up in a large family in the South. 我在南方的一个大家庭中长大。 The cost of sending kids to college - even for a small family - is extremely high. 送孩子上大学即使对小家庭来说也是一笔巨大的开支。parents /ˈpeərənts/ [plural noun]someone's mother and father 父母，双亲 Do you get on well with your parents? 你和父母相处得好吗? Parents need to become more involved in their children's school activities. 父母应该更多地参加子女在学校的各种活动。folks /fəʊks/ [plural noun]informalyour family, especially your parents 【非正式】家人；〔尤指〕双亲 She's gone back home to see her folks. 她回家去看家人了。 My folks were waiting for me at the station. 我父母在车站等着我。background /ˈbækgraʊnd/ [countable noun]the type of family and social class that you grew up in 家庭出身，出身背景 Most of his friends were from similar middle-class backgrounds. 他的大多数朋友都来自相似的中产阶级家庭。 In our class we have children of all different religious and ethnic backgrounds. 我们班上的孩子来自各不相同的宗教和种族背景。2 things that happen in a family or belong in a family 家中发生的或属于家庭范围内的事family /ˈfæməli/ [adjective only before noun]family home/business/argument etcsomething that belongs to afamily or happens in a family 家庭的〔家族的〕住宅/事务/争执等 I stopped going on family holidays when I was 15. 我15岁起就不再和家人一起去度假了。 When her parents died, she took over the family business. 父母去世后，她就接管了家族的生意。 We're planning a big family celebration when my cousin gets married. 我表亲结婚时，我们安排了一个大型的家庭庆祝会。domestic /dəˈmestɪk/ [adjective only before noun]domestic violence/trouble/argument etcfighting, arguments, or problems between members of the same family 家庭的暴力/问题/争执等 Victims of domestic violence are often reluctant to tell the police. 家庭暴力的受害者常常不愿去告诉警方。 I'm worried about Jim - I think he may be having some domestic problems. 我很担心吉姆，我觉得他可能有些家庭问题。run in the family /ˌrʌn ɪn ðə ˈfæməli/ [verb phrase not in progressive]if an illness or type of behaviourruns in the family, it is common in that family 〔疾病或行为类型〕为一家人所共有 Asthma seems to run in our family. 我们家好像人人都患哮喘。 Good looks must run in the family. 在这家族内美貌肯定有遗传的。3 someone who belongs to your family 家庭的成员relative/relation /ˈrelətɪv, rɪˈleɪʃən/ [countable noun]someone who is a member of your family although they do not live with you 亲戚，亲属 Over a hundred friends and relatives came to the wedding. 一百多位好友亲朋来出席了婚礼。relative/relation of Some relatives of the victims are planning to sue. 受害者的一些亲戚在计划提出起诉。close relative/relationsomeone who is closely related to you 近亲 When he died, there were no children or close relatives to contact. 他去世后，既无子女又无近亲可联系。distant relative/relationsomeone who is not closely related to you 远亲 We have some distant relations in Australia that we've never met. 在澳大利亚我们有几个从未见过面的远亲。no relation to somebodyused to say someone is not related to someone else with the same name 与某〔同姓的〕人无亲属关系 Marty Rogers (no relation to Governor Rogers) is one of the governor's biggest critics. 马蒂·罗杰斯〔与罗杰斯州长并无亲属关系〕是州长最主要的批评者之一。family member/member of the family /ˌfæməli ˈmembəʳ, ˌmembər əv ðə ˈfæməli/ [countable noun]someone who is part of your family 家庭成员 Only close family members are allowed to visit her. 只有很亲近的家庭成员才允许探访她。 Woods says she's not sure if any of the members of her family have read the book. 伍兹说她不知道她的家人中是否有谁已读过此书。next of kin /ˌnekst əv ˈkɪn/ [noun phrase]the person or people who are most closely related to you, for example your husband or mother, and who need to be told when you die or if you have a serious accident 〔死亡或发生严重意外时需通知的〕最近的亲属，家属，至亲 The college need to know your next of kin in case something happens to you. 学校得知道你最近的亲属是谁，万一你有什么事情就通知他。 The police will not release the dead man's name until his next of kin have been informed. 警方在通知到死者的至亲之前是不会透露他的名字的。4 to belong to the same family 同属于一个家族be related /biː rɪˈleɪtd/ [verb phrase]if two peopleare related, they are both members of the same family - use this about cousins, grandparents etc, but not about your parents or your brothers and sisters 是亲属，有亲戚关系〔如表兄妹、祖父母等，但不能指你的父母或兄弟姐妹〕 ‘I didn't know you and Ted were related.’ ‘Yes, Ted's wife is my sister.’ “我原先不知道你和特德有亲戚关系。”“对，特德是我妹夫。”be related to John told me he was related to Mel Gibson - is that true? 约翰告诉我说他和梅尔·吉布森是亲戚。有这么回事吗？be descended from /biː dɪˈsendd frɒm/ [verb phrase]to be related to someone who lived a long time ago, especially someone famous or important 是…的后裔〔尤指名人或要人的后裔〕 She is descended from the Duke of Marlborough. 她是马尔伯勒公爵的后裔。 Many of the plantation owners were descended from American missionaries. 许多种植园主都是美国传教士的后裔。5 people who are related to you because of marriage 烟亲mother-in-law/son-in-law etc /ˈmʌðər ɪn ˌlɔː, ˈsʌn ɪn ˌlɔː/ [countable noun]someone who is related to you because of a marriage, for example, yourmother-in-law is the mother of your wife or husband, and yoursister-in-law is the sister of your wife or husband, or the wife of your brother 丈母娘〔婆婆〕/女婿等 Surprisingly, my mother-in-law and I get along very well. 让人感到意外的是，丈母娘和我相处甚洽。 My sister and brother-in-law are coming to visit next week. 我妹妹和妹夫下周要来访。stepmother/stepson/stepsister etc /ˈstepmʌðəʳ, ˈstepsʌn, ˈstepsɪstəʳ/ [countable noun]someone who becomes your mother, sister, son etc when you or a person you are related to marries for a second time 继母/继子/异父〔异母〕所生的姐姐〔妹妹〕等 After my mother got remarried, it took a while to get used to having a stepfather. 母亲再婚后，我费了一段时间才习惯有个继父。 She has two sisters and a stepbrother. 她有两个姐姐和一个异父〔母〕兄弟。half-brother/half-sister /ˈhɑːf brʌðəʳ, ˈhɑːf sɪstəʳ ǁ ˈhæf-/ [countable noun]someone who is the child of one of your parents but not both of them 异父〔母〕兄弟/异父〔母〕姐妹 Alyssa has a half-brother she's never met because her parents don't speak to each other any more. 阿莉莎有个她从未见过面的异父〔母〕弟弟，因为她父母不相来往了。by marriage /baɪ ˈmærɪdʒ/ [adverb]if you are related to someoneby marriage, they are married to someone in your family or you are married to someone in their family 通过婚姻，联姻地 John's my cousin by marriage. 约翰和我是姻兄弟。in-laws /ˈɪn lɔːz/ [plural noun]informalthe parents of your husband or wife 【非正式】岳父岳母；公公婆婆 We lived with my in-laws until we had enough money to buy a house of our own. 我们有钱自己买房子之前和公公婆婆住在一起。6 people who were in the same family as you a long time ago 你的祖先ancestor /ˈænsəstəʳ, -ses-ǁ-ses-/ [countable noun]a member of your family who lived a long time ago, especially hundreds of years ago 祖先，祖宗 My ancestors originally came from Ireland. 我的祖先最早来自爱尔兰。 During the festival of Obon, Japanese show respect to their dead ancestors. 在盂兰盆节期间，日本人祭祀亡故的祖先。family /ˈfæməli/ [countable noun]people that you are related to who lived a long time ago 祖先；家族 Her family came to America from Scotland in about 1750. 她的祖先于1750年左右从苏格兰来到美洲。 Our family has lived around here for hundreds of years. 我们家族居住在这一带已有好几百年了。descendant /dɪˈsendənt/ [countable noun]someone who is a relative of a person who lived and died a long time ago, especially a famous or important person 〔尤指名人或要人的〕子孙，后裔，后代 Frederick and Bertha moved to Iowa in 1852, and their descendants still live in the area. 弗雷德里克和伯莎于1852年来到爱荷华州定居，其后代现仍住在该地区。descendant of Paul claims to be a descendant of King Charles I. 保罗自称是英王查理一世的后裔。forefathers /ˈfɔːʳˌfɑːðəʳz/ [plural noun]people in your family who lived a long time ago 祖先，先辈 His forefathers helped settle this area a century and a half ago. 一个半世纪前他的祖先帮助开发了这一地区。