LAW1 an official rule that everyone must obey2 the whole system of laws of a country or place3 part of a law or legal agreement4 to make a new law5 ways of saying that a law is officially accepted6 relating to the lawRELATED WORDSsee alsoRULE/REGULATIONLEGALILLEGALCRIMEOBEYPUNISHLIMITFORBIDCOURT/TRIALSTRICT/NOT STRICT1 an official rule that everyone must obey 法律law /lɔː/ [countable noun]an official rule that everyone in a country or place must obey 法，法律，法令 This law makes it illegal to smoke in public places. 这条法律使在公共场所抽烟成了违法行为。 The law defines drunkenness as a certain percentage of alcohol in the blood. 法律上界定喝醉酒是血液中有一定比例的酒精含量。law against Japan has very strict laws against guns and drugs. 日本对于枪支和毒品管理有非常严格的法规。under the law/according to the law Under the new law, anyone who assists in a suicide faces 10 years in prison. 根据新的法律，协助自杀者要面临十年徒刑。law on tough new laws on immigration 严厉的新移民法 Both specific and general laws on child prostitution exist. 关于儿童卖淫的特别法和普通法都有。tax/gun/immigration etc law The current gun laws vary from state to state. 各个州的现行枪支法都不同。legislation /ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃən, ˌledʒəsˈleɪʃən/ [uncountable noun]a set of laws, especially ones that are made to control a new problem 〔尤指为控制新的问题而制定的〕法律，法规 Legislation is needed to stop the spread of computer pornography. 阻止电脑色情的传播需要立法。 The legislation requires motorcyclists to wear helmets. 这一法规要求摩托车手佩戴头盔。legislation on new legislation on the sale of alcohol 关于酒类销售的新法规act /ækt/ [countable noun]a law made by parliament or Congress - used in the official name of a law 法令，法案〔用于法律的正式名称中〕 the 1991 Prevention of Terrorism Act 1991年的《反恐法》 The Wagner Act prohibited employers from firing workers for joining a union. 《瓦格纳法案》禁止雇主以参加工会为由解雇工人。bill /bɪl/ [countable noun]a new law that has to be approved by members of the government before it can officially become a law 议案，法案 Monday's debate on the defense bill lasted all night. 星期一关于国防议案的辩论持续了整个晚上。sign a billto approve a bill so that it becomes a law 签署议案 The president signed a bill that will help more families move from welfare to work. 总统签署了一项帮助更多家庭从享受福利救济转向就业的议案。statute /ˈstætʃuːt/ [countable noun]a law that has been officially established by the government so that it is written down as the law 成文法；法令，法规 In New Mexico, a state statute permits one minute of silent prayer at the beginning of school. 在新墨西哥，有一条新法规允许每天上课之前可以有一分钟的默祷。 Unfortunately his lawyer could find no statute or point of law preventing his client's imprisonment. 不幸的是，他的律师找不到哪项法规或法律条文能使其当事人免于入狱。bylawBritish/ordinanceAmerican /ˈbaɪlɔː, ˈɔːʳdnənsǁ-dənəns/ [countable noun]a law made by local government that people in a particular area or place must obey 地方法规 Fishing on this river is forbidden under a local bylaw. 当地法规禁止在这条河里钓鱼。 a city ordinance prohibiting smoking in government buildings 禁止在政府大楼内吸烟的一项城市法规2 the whole system of laws of a country or place 一个国家或地方的法律体系law /lɔː/ [uncountable noun]the whole system of laws that everyone in a country or place must obey 法律，法律体系 Andrew is studying law at Harvard University. 安德鲁在哈佛大学读法律。 In 1873 French law was imposed in Vietnam. 1873年法国的法律在越南实施。break the lawdisobey the law 犯法 I didn't realize I was breaking the law. 我没有意识到自己是在犯法。federal lawAmericana law that everyone in the nation must obey 【美】联邦法state lawAmericana law that everyone in a state must obey 【美】州法international lawlaws that govern how nations behave toward each other 国际法 Refugees are accorded special protection under international law 难民受到国际法的特别保护。by lawaccording to the system of laws 依照法律 By law, an advertiser can't use a person's name for commercial purposes without permission. 根据法律规定，广告商未经许可不得把一个人的名字用作商业用途。against the lawillegal because it is not part of the system of laws 违法的 It's against the law to be drunk in public. 在公共场合喝醉酒是违法的。law and orderrespect for the system of laws 法律和秩序 The soldiers were brought in to restore law and order after the riots. 暴乱后派遣了军队来恢复法律和秩序。legal system /ˈliːgəl ˌsɪstm/ [countable noun]the laws and the way that they work in a particular country 法律制度，法律体系 Many people here have no faith in the legal system and do not expect to receive justice from it. 这里的许多人对法律制度没有信心，不指望法律能给他们公正。 The American legal system says that you are innocent until proven guilty. 美国的法律制度说如果不能证明有罪就是无罪。3 part of a law or legal agreement 法律或法律协议的一部分article /ˈɑːʳtɪkəl/ [countable noun]one of the parts, usually numbered, of a written law or legal agreement 条款，条文〔通常编了号的〕 Article 1 of the constitution guarantees freedom of religion. 宪法第一条保证宗教信仰自由。 The country signed the treaty but then violated each of its 143 articles. 这个国家签署了条约，但是143条条款，它每一条都违反了。clause /klɔːz/ [countable noun]a part of a written law or legal document, concerning a particular point or idea 〔涉及某一方面的〕条款 I was told that this clause would be removed from the contract. 我得知这一条款将从合同中删去。 Courts ruled that prayer in school violates a clause of the First Amendment. 法院裁定，在学校里做祷告违反了《第一修正案》中的一个条款。loophole /ˈluːphəʊl/ [countable noun]a detail that is missing from a law or legal document that makes it possible to avoid something in that law 〔法律中的〕漏洞，空子 He pays very little tax because of some loophole in income tax legislation. 由于所得税法规中存在着某些漏洞，他缴纳的税非常少。close a loopholeto add details to a law so that there is no way for people to avoid following it 堵住漏洞 The new rules will close loopholes in British immigration law. 这些新的法规将堵住英国移民法中的漏洞。4 to make a new law 制定新的法律pass /pɑːsǁpæs/ [transitive verb]to accept a new law in a government or parliament, so that it officially becomes a law 通过〔新法律〕 Congress has passed an education-reform law. 国会通过了一项教育改革法规。 The law was passed with only a few MPs voting against. 该法律已获通过，只有数名议员投了反对票。legislate /ˈledʒɪsleɪt, ˈledʒəsleɪt/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to officially make laws that are intended to control a particular activity or situation 立法legislate against Should parliament legislate against experiments on animals? 议会应该立法反对在动物身上做实验吗？legislate on The government was under a lot of public pressure to legislate on equal pay. 政府正承受民众要求就同工同酬进行立法的巨大压力。legislate for Thomas Jefferson said that Britain had no right to legislate for its American colonies. 托马斯·杰斐逊说，英国无权为它在美国的殖民地立法。legislate somethingAmerican States are legislating stricter automobile safety measures for young children. 各州正在立法为幼童制定更为严厉的机动车安全措施。5 ways of saying that a law is officially accepted 表示一项法律被正式接受的说法become law /bɪˌkʌm ˈlɔː/ [verb phrase]if a new or suggested lawbecomes law, it is officially accepted and starts to exist 确立为法律，成为法律 The Education Bill finally became law last month. 《教育法案》在上个月终于成为法律。 Until the Food Protection Bill became law, the ministry had no power to ban dangerous pesticides. 要到《食品保护法案》被确立为法律，这个部门才有权力禁止使用有毒杀虫剂。get onto/reach the statute bookBritishalsobe on the booksAmerican /ˌget ɒntə, ˌriːtʃ ðə ˈstætʃuːt bʊk, biː ɒn ðə ˈbʊks/ [verb phrase]if a lawgets onto the statute book, it officially becomes a law 成为成文法；付诸实施 The Employment Bill was passed in 1982 but did not reach the statute book until 1984. 《就业法案》于1982年就获通过，但直到1984年才付诸实施。 The laws have been on the books for decades, but city officials failed to enforce them. 这些法律制定了数十年，但市政府官员一直没有执行。6 relating to the law 与法律有关的legal /ˈliːgəl/ [adjective only before noun]connected with laws and courts 法律的legal advice People on low salaries can get free legal advice. 低收入者可以免费获得法律咨询。legal battle/disputewhen two people or organizations disagree about something, and this is judged in a court of law 官司/法律纠纷 Neither side wanted a long and expensive legal battle. 双方都不愿意花巨款打一场持久的官司。legal feesmoney you have to pay lawyers 法律费用；律师费 The American government does not pay the legal fees of Americans who are arrested abroad. 美国公民境外被捕，美国政府不为他们支付律师费。legislative /ˈledʒɪslətɪv, ˈledʒəslətɪvǁ-leɪtɪv/ [adjective only before noun]connected with making laws 立法的legislative assembly/council/body The Liberal Party has won control of the legislative assembly. 自由党获得了立法议会的控制权。legislative power/authority/control Legislative authority rests with parliament. 立法机关是国会。 The U.S. president has no legislative power, but he can make recommendations. 美国总统没有立法权力，但是他可以提议。