KEEPto keep/continue to have1 to keep something and not sell it or give or throw it away2 to keep something so that someone else can use it later3 to let someone keep their job4 to keep the same character, feelings, qualities etcto keep/store5 to keep something in a particular place6 to keep information7 things of the same type that you storeto keep somebody in a place8 to make someone stay in a place9 to keep someone in a place as a prisoner10 someone who is forced to stay in a place11 when you are forced to stay somewhereRELATED WORDSto keep doing something 继续做某事CONTINUE1 to keep something and not sell it or give or throw it away 保留某物而不卖掉、送人或扔掉keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb] My mother kept all the letters my father ever wrote her. 母亲把父亲写给她的所有信件都保存着。 I've decided to keep my car even though it's getting old. 虽然我的汽车旧了，但我决定留着。 I keep all my tickets and boarding passes as souvenirs. 我将所有的机票和登机牌保存起来作为纪念。 Why do you want to keep all these old magazines? 你为什么要保留所有这些旧杂志？save /seɪv/ [transitive verb]to keep something that you could throw away, because you might want to use it in the future 保存；留下〔本要扔掉的东西，以备后用〕 When mom died we found a box full of old newspaper clippings she had saved. 妈妈去世后，我们发现她保存了一箱子旧剪报。 Don't throw the wrapping paper away - I'm going to save it and use it again. 别把包装纸扔掉，我要把它留下以后再用。hold on to/hang on to /ˌhæʊld ˈɒn tuː, ˌhæŋ ˈɒn tuː/ [transitive phrasal verb]informalto keep something, especially because you might need it or it might become valuable at a later time 【非正式】保留〔尤因可能需要或日后可能变得有价值〕 Hold on to your ticket - you'll need it to get out of the station. 把车票留着一出站时会用得着。 You should hang on to that painting. It might be worth something one day. 那幅画你应该留着，有一天可能会值钱呢。 There's no point in hanging on to the baby clothes if you're not going to have more kids. 如果你不打算再要孩子，留着这些婴儿服是没有用的。not part with /nɒt ˈpɑːʳt wɪð/ [verb phrase]if someone willnot part with something, they refuse to sell it or give it to anyone else because they like it so much 不卖掉；不送掉〔因十分喜爱某物〕 We offered her $200 for the lamp, but she didn't want to part with it. 我们出价200美元买那盏灯，可她不愿卖。 Over the years he'd become very attached to his old car and wouldn't part with it for the world. 经过这么多年，他已经很喜欢自己那辆旧车，怎么也不会把它卖掉。retain /rɪˈteɪn/ [transitive verb]formalto keep something, and not sell it, give it away, or get rid of it 【正式】保存，留住 It is suggested that you retain copies of the documents for at least three years. 建议你把文件的副本至少保留三年。 The treaty would not allow any country to produce, acquire, or retain chemical weapons. 该条约不允许任何国家生产、购买或保留化学武器。2 to keep something so that someone else can use it later 保留某物以便他人以后可以使用keep/save something for /ˈkiːp, ˈseɪv something fɔːʳ/ [verb phrase]to not sell or give something to anyone else, so that someone can have it or use it later 为〔某人〕保留某物 Let's save some of this pizza for Jill. 我们给吉尔留一点比萨饼吧。 I haven't got enough money with me right now. Can you keep the vase for me while I go to the bank? 我现在没有足够的钱，我去银行时，你帮我留着这花瓶好吗？ If you get any foreign stamps, could you save them for me? My nephew collects them. 如果你有外国邮票，给我留着好吗？我侄子集邮。put something by /ˌpʊt something ˈbaɪ/ [transitive phrasal verb]British informalto keep something for someone until they are able to collect it, pay for it etc 【英，非正式】〔为某人〕保留某物 If I pay you for the chairs now, could you put them by and I'll collect them tomorrow? 这些椅子我如果现在付钱，你帮我留着我明天来取好吗？hold /həʊld/ [transitive verb]if a shop or a companyholds something for someone, they keep it until the person can come to buy or get it 〔商店或公司〕留着〔某物让某人以后购买或领取〕 Your tickets will be held at the box office until one hour before the performance. 售票处会将你的票保留到开演前一小时。 I got the post office to hold our mail while we were away. 我让邮局在我们外出时为我们保存好邮件。put/set something aside for /ˌpʊt, ˌset something əˈsaɪd fɔːʳ/ [verb phrase]to keep something separate and not use it because someone is going to buy it or use it later 把某物留起来〔供某人购买或日后使用〕 One of the rooms was set aside for a yoga class. 其中一个房间是留着给瑜伽班用的。 They didn't have the dress I wanted but said they would put one aside for me when they had a delivery. 他们现在没有我想要的那条裙子，不过他们说有货了就会给我留一条的。3 to let someone keep their job 让某人保留其工作keep on /ˌkiːp ˈɒn/ [transitive phrasal verb]to continue to employ someone after they have been working in the same job for a period of time, especially because they have proved that they are good at it 留用，继续雇用〔尤因某人已证明能胜任该项工作〕keep somebody on We cannot guarantee that we will be able to keep you on at the end of your contract. 我们不能保证你的合同期满后能继续雇用你。keep on somebody It seems a lot of these companies want to get rid of the old ones and keep on the young ones. 看来许多这类公司都想辞掉老员工而留下年轻的员工。retain /rɪˈteɪn/ [transitive verb]formalto continue to employ someone, especially when you are getting rid of other people 【正式】继续雇用〔尤指解雇其他人之后〕 Only four members of the original marketing team will be retained next year. 明年原来的市场推广组中只有四个人获留用。4 to keep the same character, feelings, qualities etc 继续保持同样的性格、感情、品质等keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb] She's almost 60, but she has kept her good looks. 她差不多已60岁，但仍保持着美貌。 These cars are a good investment. They keep their value for many years. 这些汽车是个很好的投资，可以保值许多年。 I don't know how he managed to keep his sense of humour with all he's been through. 我不明白他在经历了这许多事之后怎么还能够保持幽默感的。hold on to/hang on to /ˌhəʊld ˈɒn tə something, ˌhæŋ ˈɒn tə something/ [transitive phrasal verb]to keep the same character, feelings, qualities etc in spite of difficulties 〔尽管困难重重仍〕保持，保住 She held on to her dreams of stardom throughout her unsuccessful career. 她事业一直未能成功，但她坚持不放弃自己的明星梦。 I tried desperately to hang on to my sanity as events became more and more confused. 事情越来越复杂，我拼命想保持头脑清醒。 It's hard to hang on to your dignity when everyone treats you as if you're old and senile. 当大家都把你当作老糊涂时，你很难保持自尊。retain /rɪˈteɪn/ [transitive verb]formalto keep the same character, feelings, qualities etc in spite of other changes 【正式】〔尽管有其他变化仍〕保留，保持 The new design will be more modern, while retaining the graceful shape of the original. 新的设计会更为现代化，同时会保留原来的优雅形态。 It's important that you retain a sense of proportion when you're feeling depressed. 当你感到沮丧时要把握分寸，这是很重要的。5 to keep something in a particular place 把某物存放于某个地方keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb not in progressive] Where do you keep the scissors? 你把剪刀放哪儿了?keep something in/on/under etc something We always keep the car in the garage. 我们一直把汽车停放在车库里。 My grandfather kept his teeth in a glass next to his bed. 我祖父把他的假牙放在床边的一个玻璃杯里。 Visitors are advised to keep their valuables with them at all times. 建议游客随时随身保管好贵重物品。store /stɔːʳ/ [transitive verb]to keep something for a long period of time so that it is ready for you to use when you need it 〔长期地〕储存；贮藏 Store the medicine in a cool place. 把药存放于阴凉处。 The warehouse is being used to store food and clothes for the refugees. 这座仓库用来存放分发给难民的食品与衣服。 The government plans to store the nuclear waste at a site in Nevada. 政府打算把核废料存放在内华达州的某个地方。keep something in storage /ˌkiːp something ɪn ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/ [verb phrase]to store something, especially a large object or a large quantity of something, until the time when you are able to use it 把某物贮藏起来〔尤指体积大或数量多的东西〕 All our furniture is being kept in storage until we can find a new apartment. 目前我们把家具全都存放起来，直到我们找到新公寓。 The meat is kept in cold storage before being sent out to supermarkets. 肉类在运往超级市场之前放在冷藏库里。preserve /prɪˈzɜːʳv/ [transitive verb]to store something such as food for a long time, especially after treating it in a special way so that it does not decay 〔长时间地〕保存〔食品等，尤经特别处理不会变坏〕 Early settlers preserved meat by drying and salting it. 早期移民用风干和腌制的方法保存肉类。 Human organs, preserved in jars, lined the shelves of the laboratory. 实验室的架子上放着一排排保存着各种人体器官的坛子。hoard /hɔːʳd/ [transitive verb]to collect and keep a large quantity of something secretly, because you think it might be useful at some time in the future - use this when you think the person who does this worries too much about keeping things for the future 贮藏；秘藏〔用于表示某人为未来贮物过分担心〕 My grandmother hoards everything - jam jars, plastic bags, pieces of string - her house is a mess. 我祖母老是在藏东西——果酱罐、塑料袋、一截一截的绳子—她家里乱七八糟的。 They've been hoarding food and water, convinced that some kind of catastrophe is coming. 他们一直在大量贮藏食物和水，因为他们相信某种灾难即将来临。6 to keep information 储存信息keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb]tokeep a lot of different pieces of information together in one place, so that you can find them when you need them 保存 The police keep detailed information about everyone who has committed a crime. 警方对每一个犯过罪的人都保存了详细的资料。 Records of all births and deaths are kept in the county offices. 县办事处存有所有的出生和死亡记录。store /stɔːʳ/ [transitive verb]to keep large quantities of information, especially in a computer 〔尤指在电脑中〕储存〔大量信息〕 Huge amounts of information can be stored on a single CD-ROM. 一张只读光盘能够储存大量的信息。 The cards can be stored alphabetically. 卡片可以按字母顺序存放。 Data regarding employees’ salaries are stored on the computer at the main office. 雇员薪酬的资料储存在总公司的电脑上。keep something on file /ˌkiːp something ɒn ˈfaɪl/ [verb phrase]to keep information in a computer or written down so that you can use it at a later time 把某物存档〔在电脑中或以书面形式〕 We have no job openings at the moment but we will keep your details on file. 我们目前没有职位空缺，不过我们会把你的资料存档的。 Employees’ records are kept on file for one year after they have left the company. 雇员离开公司后，其记录会存档一年。file /faɪl/ [transitive verb]to keep information in written form and in a special order, so that it is easy to find when you need it 把〔资料〕归档〔存档〕 Barb, could you file these papers for me? 巴布，你帮我把这些文件归档，行吗? All the students’ records are filed alphabetically. 所有学生的档案都按字母顺序归档。file something away Once a complaint is received it is usually filed away and forgotten. 投诉信一收到后通常就被归档，然后被人遗忘。keep a record/keep records /ˌkiːp ə ˈrekɔːdǁ-ərd, ˌkiːp ˈrekɔːdzǁ-ərdz/ [verb phrase]to keep information on a particular subject, especially so that you can see how it changes or develops 记录〔因而可以看出某事物如何转变或发展〕keep a record/keep records of You should keep written records of all business expenses. 你应该把所有的商业支出都以书面形式记录下来。 The scientists are keeping a record of radioactive levels in the area. 科学家正在对该地区的放射水平作记录。keep a record/keep records on Schools keep records on all their students. 学校对所有学生的情况都有记录。7 things of the same type that you store 储藏的同一类东西supply /səˈplaɪ/ [countable noun]a large quantity of something that you keep, and that you replace regularly because you use it often 〔大量的〕储备；供应量 Food supplies in the camp were already running out. 营里的食物储备已所剩无几。supply of The hospital keeps a large supply of blood for use in emergencies. 医院储备了大量血液以供急救用。 First prize was a year's supply of baby food. 头奖是提供一年的婴儿食品。stock /stɒkǁstɑːk/ [countable noun]the amount of a particular product that a shop keeps to be sold 〔商店的〕存货，现货，库存物 Buy now while stocks last! 欲购从速，余货售完即止！stock of Someone came in half an hour ago and bought up our entire stock of Italian wine. 半小时以前，有人来买走了我们的意大利葡萄酒的全部存货。 The new video store has a huge stock of movies to rent. 这家新开的录像店有大量的影片出租。reserve /rɪˈzɜːʳv/ [countable noun]something such as money, food, or water that you keep because you might need it in the future 储备；储备物〔如金钱、食物或水〕 The country has foreign currency reserves of $83 billion. 该国的外汇储备达830亿美元。reserve of We had to rely on our emergency reserve of food while we were snowed in. 我们被大雪围困在室内，只得依靠紧急食物储备。keep/hold something in reserve They sold half the wood and kept the rest in reserve for winter. 他们把一半木柴卖了，剩下的储存起来过冬用。cache /kæʃ/ [countable noun]things, especially illegal drugs or weapons, that are kept hidden because they are illegal or secret 秘藏物〔尤指毒品或武器〕 The drug cache that the men were found in possession of was worth roughly $1 million. 那些男人被发现藏有价值约100万美元的毒品。cache of Police have found a cache of automatic weapons in a house in the city centre. 警察在市中心一幢房子里发现了一批秘藏的自动武器。hoard /hɔːʳd/ [countable noun]a large number of things of the same type that someone keeps secretly, so that they can use them if they need them - use this when you think the person who keeps these things worries too much about keeping things for the future 秘藏物〔用于表示某人为未来贮物过分担心〕hoard of I kept my own secret hoard of chocolate cookies in a big tin under the sink. 我在水槽底下偷偷藏了一大罐巧克力小甜饼。8 to make someone stay in a place 使某人留在某地keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb]to make someone stay in a place 使〔某人〕留在〔某处〕 They kept us there for over an hour while they checked our passports. 他们让我们在那里留了一个多小时检查我们的护照。 Don't let me keep you if you have other things to do. 如果你有别的事要做，我就不耽搁你了。 I'd hate to have a job that kept me in the office all the time. 我不喜欢成天都待在办公室里的工作。keep somebody inmake a child stay at school as a punishment 【英】罚某人课后留校British The teacher kept us in after school because she said we'd been causing trouble. 放学后老师把我们留在教室内，因为她说我们一直惹麻烦。keep somebody after schoolmake a child stay at school as a punishment 【美】罚某人课后留校American I was always getting kept after school for something when I was a kid. 我小时候老是因为这样那样的事被罚课后留校。keep somebody inmake someone stay in a hospital 【英】让某人住院British They say they're going to keep her in overnight for observation, then do some tests on her tomorrow. 他们说要让她晚上留院观察，然后第二天给她作化验。9 to keep someone in a place as a prisoner 把某人作为囚犯关在某处keep /kiːp/ [transitive verb]to make someone stay in a place and not let them leave, especially as a prisoner 把〔某人〕关起来；监禁；拘留〔尤作为囚犯〕 You can't keep me here against my will - get out of my way. 你不能硬把我关在这里！走开！keep somebody in/at etc something The guerrillas were keeping the hostages in a camp somewhere in the jungle. 游击队把人质关押在森林中的某个营地。 Prisoners were kept in cells with no beds and no running water. 囚犯被关押在没有床也没有自来水的小囚室内。hold /həʊld/ [transitive verb]to keep someone somewhere, especially for a short period of time, before deciding what to do with them 扣留，关押〔尤指暂时地〕 Police are holding two men for questioning in connection with the robbery. 警方拘留了同抢劫案有关联的两名男子问话。 No one knows where the kidnapped woman is being held. 没人知道被绑架的女子关在哪儿。hold somebody in/at etc something The prisoners were held at Andersonville until more suitable places were found. 在找到更合适的地方之前，囚犯们被关在安德森维尔。hold somebody prisoner/captive/hostage /ˌhəʊld somebody ˈprɪzənəʳ, ˈkæptɪv, ˈhɒstɪdʒǁ-ˈhɑː-/ [verb phrase]to illegally keep someone in a place where they do not want to be, especially as a way of forcing someone to give you money or do what you want 将某人作为囚犯/俘虏/人质关押〔尤为逼迫某人交出钱财或做所要求的事〕 Police raided the building where rebels were holding 73 government employees captive. 警方突袭了这幢大楼，叛军在此劫持了73名政府雇员。hold sb prisoner/captive/hostage in/at etc something Four other US citizens are being held hostage by guerrillas in Colombia. 另有四名美国公民被哥伦比亚境内的游击队扣作人质。 The woman had been held prisoner in Larkin's basement for 3 months. 那名女子被关押在拉金的地下室里达三个月。lock somebody up/away /ˌlɒk somebody ˈʌp, əˈweɪǁˌlɑːk-/ [transitive phrasal verb]informalto put someone in a place, especially a prison, and lock it so that they cannot escape 【非正式】把某人关起来〔尤关在监狱〕lock somebody up/away Didn't they lock his brother away for murder? 他们难道没有因谋杀罪把他弟弟关起来吗？lock up/away somebody The governor argues that locking up criminals has reduced the crime rate. 州长认为把罪犯关押起来降低了犯罪率。 Prisoners are locked up in their cells for twenty three hours a day. 囚犯们一天23小时被关在牢里。confine /kənˈfaɪn/ [transitive verb usually in passive]to keep someone in a room or small place, so that they cannot go where they want to 禁闭；幽禁〔在房间或狭小地方内〕confine somebody in something The boy had been confined in a dark narrow room from early childhood by his parents. 这男孩从小时候起就被父母幽禁在一间狭窄的暗室内。confine somebody to something The judge is confining the jury to their hotel until after the verdict. 法官要陪审团留在酒店里直至作出裁决。detain /dɪˈteɪn/ [transitive verb usually in passive]if the policedetain someone who they think has done something illegal, they keep them somewhere, usually in order to ask them questions 〔警察〕拘留〔通常为了盘问〕 Three men from the ship have been detained for questioning by the Harbour Authorities. 船上有三名男子被港口当局拘留盘问。 The police are now allowed to detain terrorist suspects for as long as a week. 警方现获准把恐怖分子嫌疑犯拘留最长一周。hold/keep somebody in custody /ˌhəʊld, ˌkiːp somebody ɪn ˈkʌstədi/ [verb phrase]if the policehold orkeep someone in custody they keep them in prison until it is time for them to be judged in a court 拘留某人〔直至法院审理时〕 McCullough will be kept in custody until her trial on May 3rd. 麦卡洛会被拘留到5月3日受审那天。hold/keep somebody in police custodyin a police station 某人被警方拘留 A man has been arrested in connection with the murder and is being held in police custody. 一名男子因涉嫌谋杀被捕，现被警方拘留。10 someone who is forced to stay in a place 被迫留在某地的人prisoner /ˈprɪzənəʳ/ [countable noun]someone who is kept in a place, especially a prison, as punishment for a crime 囚犯，犯人 The state now has 152,000 prisoners in 32 prisons. 该州现在有152,000名囚犯被关押在32座监狱内。prisoner of warsomeone who is kept prisoner by the enemy during a war 战俘 Her father spent three years as a prisoner of war in Korea. 她父亲在那儿度过了三年战俘生活。political prisonersomeone who is in prison because of their political beliefs 政治犯 There have been reports of the systematic torture of political prisoners. 已有报道指出他们对政治犯有计划地进行拷问。take somebody prisonermake someone your prisoner 俘虏某人 All the soldiers were either killed or taken prisoner. 所有士兵不是被杀就是被俘虏了。captive /ˈkæptɪv/ [countable noun]someone who is kept in a place illegally 俘虏；战俘 All the captives were kept in a darkened room with their hands tied. 所有俘虏都被绑着双手关押在一间漆黑的房间里。 The rebels promise to release their captives unharmed if their demands are met. 叛军保证，如果他们的要求得到满足，被俘的人会安全获释。take somebody captivemake someone your captive 劫持某人 Armed gunmen broke into the church and took the priest captive. 武装分子冲进教堂劫持了神父。hostage /ˈhɒstɪdʒǁˈhɑː-/ [countable noun]someone who is illegally kept in a place by someone who threatens to harm or kill them as a way of making someone else pay money or do what they want 人质 The group has threatened to kill the hostages unless the government frees 15 political prisoners. 该组织威胁说除非政府释放15名政治犯，否则就杀死人质。 An attempt to rescue the American hostages ended in disaster. 营救美国人质的尝试以失败告终。take somebody hostagemake someone your hostage 将某人挟持为人质 The medical team were captured and taken hostage. 该医疗小组被抓去作人质。11 when you are forced to stay somewhere 被迫留在某地be in custody /biː ɪn ˈkʌstədi/ [verb phrase]if someone who the police think is guilty of a crimeis in custody, they are kept in prison until it is time for them to be judged in a court 被拘留〔等候审讯〕 Parry was in custody for a month before being released. 帕里被拘留了一个月后获释。be in police custodyin a police station 被警方拘留 The activist died under suspicious circumstances while he was in police custody. 该名活跃分子被警察拘留期间死亡，死因可疑。be remanded in custodybe sent back to prison from a court until your trial 被还押候审 Three men and a woman have been remanded in custody on fraud charges. 三名男子及一名女子因欺诈罪被还押候审。be under arrest /biː ˌʌndər əˈrest/ [verb phrase]if someoneis under arrest, the police are keeping them guarded because they think they are guilty of a crime 被捕 He's under arrest and may only be seen by his lawyer. 他被拘捕了，只有律师可以见他。be under house arrestnot be allowed to leave your home 遭软禁 The opposition leader has been under house arrest for the past few months. 反对派领导人几个月来遭到软禁。captivity /kæpˈtɪvɪti, kæpˈtɪvəti/ [uncountable noun]when someone is being forced to stay in a place where they do not want to be - use this when this situation is illegal or wrong 〔非法或错误的〕囚禁，拘禁 In his autobiography, Mandela describes his life during captivity. 曼德拉在自传中描述了自己被囚禁期间的生活。in captivity The hostages are now entering their fourth week in captivity. 人质被囚禁时间到了第四周。imprisonment /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/ [uncountable noun]when someone is being kept as a prisoner, especially as a punishment for a crime 〔尤指对罪犯的〕关押，监禁 Johnson was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment for causing a riot. 约翰逊因发动暴乱而被判处三年徒刑。 The offence is punishable by either a fine or imprisonment. 对这种罪行可处以罚款或监禁。life imprisonmentfor the rest of someone's life 终身监禁 Garrison faces life imprisonment for his role in the killings. 加里森在这些凶杀案中担任的角色使他面临终身监禁。detention /dɪˈtenʃən/ [uncountable noun]when someone is being kept somewhere by the police, usually because they think that person has done something illegal and they want to ask them questions 拘留，扣留 By the 1920s the average period of detention for new immigrants lasted two weeks. 到了20世纪20年代，新移民的平均拘留期为两周。 A dissident, recently released from detention, gave a press conference in the capital today. 一名遭拘禁的持不同政见的人最近被释放，今天在首都举行了一个记者招待会。in detention About a dozen people remain in detention without trial. 约有十几个人未经审判就遭监禁。take somebody into detention They were taken into detention two weeks ago and still are not allowed visitors. 他们两周前遭拘留，现在仍不许探望。detention centera place where someone is kept by the police 拘留所；拘留中心 There was another riot at the men's detention center yesterday. 昨天男子拘留中心又发生骚乱。juvenile detentiona place that is like a prison for young people 【美】少年拘留所American He was in and out of juvenile detention for drugs charges as a teenager. 他少年时因吸毒的罪名进出过少年拘留所。confinement /kənˈfaɪnmənt/ [uncountable noun]when someone is being kept in a room, prison etc 监禁；禁闭 He was sentenced to 5 months of home confinement for the crime. 他因犯了这项罪行而被判处在家监禁五个月。solitary confinementthe state of being kept completely alone 单独监禁 Prisoners are punished by being put in solitary confinement. 囚犯被罚单独监禁。