INDEPENDENTindependent person1 able to make your own decisions or do things by yourself2 not needing money, food etc from other people3 to live in an independent way4 by yourself without help or advice5 to be independent in the way you think6 when you are independentindependent country or organization7 not controlled by or depending on another country or organization8 to no longer be controlled by another countryRELATED WORDSsee alsoALONENEED/NECESSARY1 able to make your own decisions or do things by yourself 能够自己作决定或自己做事的independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt◂, ˌɪndəˈpendənt◂/ [adjective]able to make your own decisions, organize your own life, and do things in your own way, without wanting help or advice from other people 自立的；独立的；有主见的 I quite like living alone. It's made me more independent. 我相当喜欢一个人住。这能使我更加自立。 I've always been attracted to strong, independent women. 我一向对坚强而有主见的女人有好感。 Joe's still not very independent, and he tends to follow me around. 乔仍然不很独立，喜欢跟着我到处转。independent of somebodynot dependent on them 独立于某人 I suddenly realised that my precious son was a full-grown man, quite independent of his father and me. 我突然意识到我的宝贝儿子已是个完全成熟的人，不再依赖他父亲和我了。self-reliant /ˌself rɪˈlaɪənt◂/ [adjective]able to do things for yourself and solve problems by yourself, and able to live without depending on anyone else 依靠自己的；自力更生的 My parents raised me to be self-reliant, and not to depend on anyone. 我父母把我培养成为一个自立的、不依赖别人的人。self-sufficient /ˌself səˈfɪʃənt◂/ [adjective]able to live happily on your own, without needing a lot of friends or spending a lot of time with other people 自得其乐的 We grew up in a close-knit, self-sufficient family with few outside friends. 我们生长在一个关系亲密，自得其乐的家庭里，外面很少有朋友。 His father died when he was seven, and consequently Joe learned to be self-sufficient from an early age. 乔7岁时父亲去世了，因此他很小就学会了悠然自得。2 not needing money, food etc from other people 不需要别人提供钱、食物等independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt◂, ˌɪndəˈpendənt◂/ [adjective]having your own money and not needing financial help from other people 〔经济上〕自立的；独立的 My mom was in fact quite independent. She had always had a job and her own bank account. 我妈妈实际上相当独立。她一直有工作，一直有自己的银行账户。 Changes in the rural economy turned many independent farmers to hired labourers. 农村经济的变化使许多自立的农场主成了雇工。financially independent Dad left me all his money when he died, which made me financially independent. 父亲去世时把所有的钱都留给了我，这使我经济上能够自立。self-sufficient /ˌself səˈfɪʃənt◂/ [adjective]producing all the food and goods that you need, and not having to buy it from other people 自给自足的 The Amish belong to a self-sufficient community that has existed for over 200 years. 阿曼门诺派属于一个已有200多年历史的自给自足的社会群体。self-sufficient in Britain used to be fully self-sufficient in coal. 英国以前用煤是完全自给自足的。3 to live in an independent way 不需要别人帮助而独立生活be independent/lead an independent life /biː ˌɪndˈpendənt, liːd ən ˌɪndpendənt ˈlaɪf/ [verb phrase]to live in an independent way, without other people helping you or telling you what to do 独立；自立 Alice was glad to be independent and making a life of her own at last. 艾丽斯为独立，为终于过上了自己的生活而高兴。 What strategies does a growing child use to become independent? 成长中的孩子要变得独立要采用哪些策略呢？ Our main objective is to help disabled people lead independent lives within the community. 我们的主要目标是帮助社区内的残疾人过独立自主的生活。take care of yourselfalsolook after yourself /teɪk ˌkeər əv jɔːʳˈself, lʊk ˌɑːftəʳ jɔːʳˈselfǁ-ˌæf-/ [verb phrase]especially Britishto cook your own food, wash your own clothes, and do other basic things that are necessary to live 【尤英】自己照顾好自己 Grandpa can't take care of himself any more so he's coming to live with us. 爷爷不能再照顾自己了，所以准备来和我们住在一起。 Many youngsters who've been brought up in care are often incapable of looking after themselves when they leave. 许多由福利院扶养大的小孩子离开后往往不能自己料理生活。stand on your own two feet /ˌstænd ɒn jɔːr ˌəʊn tuː ˈfiːt/ [verb phrase]informalto live your life independently without any help from your family or the government 【非正式】独立生活，自立 She'll never learn to stand on her own feet if you keep giving her whatever she wants. 如果她要什么你给什么，那她一辈子也无法学会独立生活。 A year abroad gives students the chance to stand on their own two feet. 出国一年给学生们学会独立生活的机会。go it alone /ˌgəʊ ɪt əˈləʊn/ [verb phrase]informalto start working or living on your own, especially after working or living with other people in a family, organization etc 【非正式】开始独立工作；开始独立生活〔尤与其他人一起工作或同住之后〕 The response to our proposal was lukewarm, so we felt we had to go it alone. 对我们的建议反应冷淡，于是我们感到得自己独立行动了。 After years of working for a big company, she decided to go it alone and set up her own business. 在一家大公司工作多年之后，她决定另立门户，开办自己的公司。 When it comes to parenthood, more and more women are deciding to go it alone. 说到做母亲，越来越多的女性决定要独立持家。do your own thing /ˌduː jɔːr əʊn ˈθɪŋ/ [verb phrase]spokento live in an independent way and do what you want to do, without being influenced by what other people think 【口】做自己想做的事 He has a couple of roommates but they kind of all do their own thing. 他有几个室友，但他们都有点自行其是。 He's given up his job and is living in northern California, just doing his own thing. 他辞了职，住在加州北部，只做自己想做的事。fend for yourself /ˌfend fəʳ jɔːʳˈself/ [verb phrase]writtento look after yourself, when you are used to being taken care of by someone else, or when being independent is very difficult 【书面】独立生活，照料自己 The mother died before the cubs were old enough to fend for themselves. 这些幼兽还未长大到能够独立生活时母兽就死了。 Dad always wanted me to be able to fend for myself from a very early age. 我幼年时起爸爸就一直要求我能够独立生活。 The children were left to fend for themselves on the streets. 这些儿童被遗弃在街上去独自谋生。4 by yourself without help or advice 没有帮助或建议的情况下靠自己on your own/by yourself /ɒn jɔːr ˈəʊn, baɪ jɔːʳˈself/ [adverb] Bringing up a child on your own is hard work. 独自抚养孩子是很艰难的事。 We can't have Jamie walk to school by himself. 我们不能让杰米单独一人步行上学。 You're not walking home at night on your own. 你晚上不可以独自一人走回家。 I didn't want to make a decision about it by myself, so I called Judy. 此事我不想独自一人做决定，所以就打电话给朱迪。all on your own/all by yourselfuse this to emphasize that someone does something on their own 独自一人 He went to China all on his own. 他独自一人去了中国。 Did you do that all by yourself then? 那么你独自一个人完成了那件事？independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli, ˌɪndəˈpendəntli/ [adverb]if you work or make decisionsindependently, you do not need help and advice from other people 独立地〔工作或作决定〕 With a few exceptions, the students work well independently. 除了几个例外，学生们都独立工作得很好。 Margaret wanted to live independently, but would she ever manage it? 玛格丽特想独立生活，但她能做到吗? Once my child is writing independently, how can I help her become a more skillful speller? 当我的孩子开始独立写作，我怎样才能够帮助她拼写得更熟练准确呢？on your own initiative /ɒn jɔːr ˌəʊn ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ [adverb]using your own ideas about what needs to be done, instead of waiting for someone in authority to tell you what to do 独立地，主动地 She was always happy to work on her own initiative, and set her own goals and deadlines. 她一直喜欢独立开展工作，自定目标和期限。 When he was only fourteen, he wrote, on his own initiative, to every airline, asking to join the company. 他才14岁时就主动写信给各家航空公司求职。 We think the bomb was placed by an extremist, acting on his own initiative. 我们认为这枚炸弹是一名独立行动的极端分子放置的。under your own steam /ˌʌndəʳ jɔːr ˌəʊn ˈstiːm/ [adverb]if you go somewhereunder your own steam, you go there without help from anyone else 靠自己的力量〔到某地去〕 Can you manage to get up to the house under your own steam while I bring up the food? 你能自己上到屋子去，我去把吃的带上来吗？ I never thought Sal and Thomas would make it here under their own steam! 我从未想到萨尔和托马斯能够自己到达这里！5 to be independent in the way you think 独立思考的think for yourself /ˌθɪŋk fəʳ jɔːʳˈself/ [verb phrase usually in infinitive or progressive]to make decisions or form opinions without expecting other people to help or approve of you 自己独立思考，自己拿主意 Parents should encourage their children to think for themselves. 家长应鼓励孩子们独立思考。 The purpose of this question is to force students to think for themselves. 这个问题的目的是迫使学生独立思考。 ‘You're going to have to start thinking for yourself,’ said David sternly. “你得开始独立思考了。”戴维严厉地说道。have a mind of your own /hæv ə ˌmaɪnd əv jɔːr ˈəʊn/ [verb phrase not in progressive]to have a strong character and strong opinions that are not influenced by other people's 有主见 She's a woman with a mind of her own, who says what she thinks. 她是个有主见的女人，心直口快。 But Mansell has a mind of his own, and he was adamant he would make racing his career. 但是曼塞尔是个有主见的人，坚持要把赛车当成自己的事业。know your own mind /ˌnəʊ jɔːr əʊn ˈmaɪnd/ [verb phrase not in progressive]to have a strong character and be confident about what you want to do 有主见，有决断 Though not yet 15, Sara knows her own mind, and has already decided on a career. 虽然萨拉还不到15岁，但很有决断，已经选择好了职业。 I'm in my mid-thirties and ought to know my own mind by now, but I'm scared of getting married. 我已经三十过半的岁数了，现在应该能拿主意了，可我很害怕结婚。be your own man/woman /biː jɔːr ˌəʊn ˈmæn, ˈwʊmən/ [verb phrase]to be confident of your opinions, without letting other people influence you - use this when you approve of someone like this 有主见，有决断〔用于赞扬具有这类特征的人〕 Stan was intellectual, confident and above all, his own man. 斯坦这人聪明自信，最主要的是很有主见。 She didn't want to quarrel with him, but made it plain that she was her own woman now, with her own life to lead. 她不愿意和他争吵，但明确表示现在的她有自己的主见，有属于她自己的生活。 Sheila is very much her own woman. She'll listen to everyone and then make up her mind for herself. 希拉非常有主见。她会听取每个人的意见之后自己拿主意。6 when you are independent 处于独立的状态independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns, ˌɪndəˈpendəns/ [uncountable noun] He was desperate to get a job and regain his independence. 他急于找到一份工作，重新独立起来。 Roz said she'd never marry because she valued her independence too much. 罗兹说她一辈子不结婚，因为她太看重自立了。 Though they want to exert their independence, these kids are not quite ready for it. 虽然这些小孩想表现得独立，但还没条件独立。 Your first pay cheque gives you a terrific sense of independence. 你的第一张工资支票会给你一种非常美妙的独立感。gain/win/achieve etc independence She no longer had that feeling of independence she had fought so hard to win. 她已不再有她艰苦奋斗才得到的独立感。financial/economic independence She worked hard to gain financial independence. 她努力工作以争取经济上的独立。self-sufficiency /ˌself səˈfɪʃənsi/ [uncountable noun]when you are independent, either because you can live happily without needing a lot of friends, or because you do not need to buy food or other products from other places 自得其乐；自给自足 I admired his air of self-sufficiency. 我很羡慕他那种自得其乐的神态。 He promised to do more to help welfare recipients achieve self-sufficiency. 他答应做更多工作来帮助领福利救济的人获得自立。 The Administration of Native Americans (ANA) promotes the goal of social and economic self-sufficiency for Indian tribes. 印第安人管理部推动印第安各部落在社会和经济上自给自足的目标。self-reliance /ˌself rɪˈlaɪəns/ [uncountable noun]when you are independent, because you can solve your own problems and are able to do things by yourself, and do not need the help or support of anyone else 自立，自力更生 The older children are beginning to develop self-reliance. 较年长的孩子已开始培养自立能力。 Both men display the fiery self-reliance that natives of Oregon tend to possess. 两个人都表现出刚强自立的气质，这是俄勒冈人的典型气质。7 not controlled by or depending on another country or organization 不受另一国家或团体控制的，不依赖于另一国家或团体的independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt◂, ˌɪndəˈpendənt◂/ [adjective] We must encourage independent governments, not economic satellites. 我们一定要支持独立的政府，而不是经济附庸国。independent from The country became independent from France in 1964. 该国在1964年脱离了法国的统治获得独立。 The country has three major network television stations, plus one independent station. 该国有三家大电视网，还有一家独立电视台。independently [adverb] an independently run newspaper 独立经营的报纸independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns, ˌɪndəˈpendəns/ [uncountable noun]political freedom from control by the government of another country 〔政治上不受另一国政府控制的〕独立〔性〕 the American war of independence 美国独立战争 the Vietnamese struggle for independence 越南争取独立的斗争 There is a move to increase the independence of the judiciary. 采取了行动以增加司法部门的独立性。independence from Gradually schools gained a certain amount of independence from the Church. 学校渐渐从教会那里获得了某种程度的独立性。grant independence (to somebody) The British granted independence to Ceylon in 1948. 1948年英国同意锡兰独立。sovereign /ˈsɒvrɪn, ˈsɒvrənǁˈsɑːv-/ [adjective only before noun]not controlled by any other country - used especially in an official or political contexts 不受他国控制的；具有独立主权的〔尤用于正式或政治性的场合〕 It was a number of years before Canada was accepted by the world as a sovereign state. 过了一些年加拿大才被世界各国承认是个主权国家。 The Hopi tribe asserted their rights as a sovereign nation. 霍皮族坚称自己拥有一个独立主权民族应有的权利。sovereign rights/power/status We fully recognize France's sovereign power in that area. 我们完全承认法国在该地区的主权。sovereignty [uncountable noun] Britain was concerned that its sovereignty and cultural identity would be harmed by the treaty. 英国担心其主权和文化独立性会由于这一条约而受到损害。autonomous /ɔːˈtɒnəməsǁɔːˈtɑː-/ [adjective]part of a country or organization that isautonomous is partly independent and has the right to organize most of its own activities, business etc 〔国家或组织的一部分〕自治的 Andorra is autonomous, with its external affairs managed by both France and Spain. The councils, which are locally autonomous, act as courts for the whole area. 各地区独立的政务委员会是整个地区的法院。autonomously [adverb] Local radio stations are supported by national radio, but operate autonomously. 地方电台由国家电台支持，但独立营运。autonomy [uncountable noun] There is a lot of popular support for some form of autonomy in the Basque area of France and Spain. 许多人支持法国和西班牙的巴斯克地区获得某种形式的自治。self-governing /self ˈgʌvəʳnɪŋ/ [adjective]a part of a country or organization that isself-governing is controlled by the people who live or work there, as opposed to the larger country or organization that it belongs to 〔国家或组织的一部分〕自治的，自己管理的 The farmers are members of a small self-governing co-operative group. 这些农场主是一个小型自治合作团体的成员。 The Orthodox Church is composed of 23 self-governing churches. 东正教会由23个自治的分会组成。 Many of the larger communities felt they would be better off if they were self-governing. 许多规模较大的社区认为他们如果能自治，情况会更好。self-sufficient /ˌself səˈfɪʃənt/ [adjective]a country or part of a country that isself-sufficient produces all the food and other products that it needs 自给自足的 The new technologies have made India agriculturally self-sufficient. 新技术使印度在农业上达到了自给自足。 Many areas of the world still have self-sufficient rural economies. 世界上有许多地方仍然有自给自足的农业经济体。self-sufficient in France was self-sufficient in cereals, and exported its surplus. 法国在谷物方面自给自足，而且将多余的谷物出口。8 to no longer be controlled by another country 不再受另一国家的控制become independent /bɪˌkʌm ɪndˈpendənt/ [verb phrase] The Republic of Namibia became independent on 21 March 1990, ending 74 years of South African rule. 纳米比亚共和国于1990年3月21日获得独立，从而结束了受南非统治74年的历史。become independent from The Solomon Islands became independent from Britain about 15 years ago. 所罗门群岛约在15年前脱离英国统治获得独立。gain/win/get independence /ˌgeɪn, ˌwɪn, ˌget ɪndˈpendəns/ [verb phrase]to become independent after a war or a long struggle 获得独立 Political unity was the surest way to achieve independence. 政治团结是取得独立的最可靠途径。gain/win/get independence from Since gaining independence from Britain in 1961, Sierra Leone has been attempting to unify and modernize the country. 自1961年脱离英国获得独立后，塞拉利昂就努力使国家取得统一和达到现代化。