HOLE1 a hole that goes through something2 a hole in the ground or in the surface of something3 a place on a surface that is lower than the rest4 a long narrow hole across the surface of something5 a hole in something that has been damaged, allowing water, air etc to escape6 words for describing something that has lots of holes in it7 to make a hole in the ground or surface of something8 to make a hole through somethingRELATED WORDSsee alsoCUTSPACEDIG1 a hole that goes through something 穿过某物的洞孔hole /həʊl/ [countable noun] The sheet was ancient and full of holes. 床单很旧，上面全是一个个洞。 She stuck her finger through the hole. 她把手指插进洞里。hole in Troy looked through a hole in the fence at the garden next door. 特洛伊从篱笆上的一个洞看隔壁的花园。 A shaft of light came in through a hole in the corrugated iron roof. 一道亮光从瓦楞铁皮屋顶上的一个小孔射进来。something has a hole in it I can't wear my green shirt -- it has a hole in it. 我的绿衬衫不能穿了—上面有个洞。gaping holea big hole 豁开的洞 They stared at the gaping hole in the wall. 他们盯着墙上的那个大洞。gap /gæp/ [countable noun]an empty space in the middle of something such as a wall or fence, especially because part of it is missing or broken 缺口，裂口，豁口；缝隙gap in The gate was locked but we managed to get through a gap in the fence. 大门锁上了，但我们还是通过篱笆上的缺口钻了进去。gap under The light was coming through a tiny gap under the door. 亮光穿过门底下的一道细缝照射进来。gap between Sharon has a gap between her two front teeth. 莎伦两颗门牙之间有一条宽缝。opening /ˈəʊpənɪŋ/ [countable noun]a hole that something can pass through or that you can see through, especially one which is at the entrance or top of something 开口，洞孔〔尤在某物的入口处或顶部〕 Bees come and go through a small opening at the bottom of the hive. 蜜蜂从蜂房底部的一个小开口处进出。 We zipped up the opening of the tent to stop the mosquitoes getting in. 我们拉上帐篷开口处的拉链，不让蚊子飞进来。aperture /ˈæpəʳtʃəʳ/ [countable noun]a hole, especially one that allows light to pass through - use this especially in scientific and technical contexts 〔尤让光线进入的〕窄孔；缝隙；孔径〔尤用于科技方面〕 The telescope has an aperture of 2.4 metres. 这架望远镜的孔径为2.4米。2 a hole in the ground or in the surface of something 地上或某物表面的洞坑hole /həʊl/ [countable noun] The old mineshaft had left a deep hole, dangerous to both people and livestock. 旧矿井留下了一个很深的洞，给人和牲口都带来了危险。hole in The aim is to get the ball in a hole in the ground. 目标是要把球打进地上的一个洞里。make a hole (in something) We made a small hole in the earth, just deep enough to cover the roots of the plant. 我们在泥土里挖了一个小洞，深度正好足够覆盖植物的根部。 Make a hole in the bottom of each plant pot to let the water drain out. 在每个花盆的底部开一个洞，让水流出去。dig a hole A fox had dug a hole under our garden fence. 一只狐狸在我们花园的篱笆下面挖了一个洞。 Construction workers have to dig a thousand foot hole before work can start on the tunnel. 隧道工程开始以前，建筑工人必须挖出一条1,000英尺的坑道。crater /ˈkreɪtəʳ/ [countable noun]a big hole in the surface of something, especially the ground, that is caused by an explosion or a large falling object 〔由爆炸或巨大的物体坠落造成的〕大坑 The meteor left a crater over five miles wide. 流星留下了一个超过5英里宽的大坑。crater in When the bomb exploded it left a huge crater in the ground. 炸弹爆炸后，地面上留下了一个大坑。pothole /ˈpɒthəʊlǁˈpɑːt-/ [countable noun]a hole in the surface of a road that makes driving difficult or dangerous 〔路面上的〕凹坑，坑洞 He rode his bike over an enormous pothole. 他骑自行车经过一个很大的坑。 It is going to cost the city at least $500,000 to patch potholes created by winter rains. 这个城市至少要花费50万美元修补冬天下雨后形成的坑洼。pit /pɪt/ [countable noun]a large wide hole in the ground, especially one that is used for a particular purpose such as burying things 大坑〔尤指有用途的坑〕 They found a large pit where all the dead bodies had been thrown. 他们发现了一个大坑，所有的尸体都扔在那里。 We dug a pit a yard deep in the soil. 我们在土里挖了一个一码深的坑。abyss /əˈbɪs/ [countable noun]an extremely deep empty space, seen from a very high point such as the edge of a mountain - used especially in literature 深渊〔尤用于文学作品〕 Matthew found himself standing at the edge of a deep abyss. 马修发现自己站在一个万丈深谷的边缘。chasm /ˈkæzəm/ [countable noun]a very deep space between two high areas of rock, especially one that is dangerous 〔尤指危险的〕陷窟；峡谷；深渊 An unsteady-looking rope bridge was the only way to get across the chasm. 一座看上去晃晃悠悠的索桥是通过峡谷的唯一路径。 The landscape was a series of mountains, chasms, canyons and valleys. 那里的地形山峦起伏、峡谷纵横。3 a place on a surface that is lower than the rest 表面上的低陷处dip /dɪp/ [countable noun]a place where the surface of the ground goes down suddenly 凹陷；凹地dip in The boy fell off his bicycle when he went over a dip in the road too fast. 那男孩骑自行车经过一个凹坑的时候速度太快，从车上摔了下来。indentation /ˌɪndenˈteɪʃən/ [countable noun]a place or area in a hard surface that is slightly lower than the rest of the surface, especially caused by something pressing hard on it 凹口，凹陷〔尤因挤压造成〕indentation in The X-rays showed a slight indentation in the man's skull. X光片显示那人的头盖骨上有个地方微微凹陷。 She gently made an indentation in the centre of each cookie. 她在每一块曲奇饼的中心轻轻地点了一个凹痕。depression /dɪˈpreʃən/ [countable noun]an area, especially of the ground, that is slightly lower than the area around it, caused by something heavy pressing on it 洼地；坑〔通常由重物挤压而成〕depression in You could see a depression in the ground where the helicopter had landed. 你可以看到地面上直升机降落的地方留下了一个凹坑。 The depressions in the sand are made by turtles, that come up here to lay their eggs. 这些沙坑都是由来这里下蛋的海龟留下的。dent /dent/ [countable noun]a place in the surface of something, especially metal, that is slightly lower because something has hit it accidentally 〔尤指金属表面的〕凹痕，凹陷 The picture frame came with scratches, dents and marks that make it look old. 画框上有划痕、凹坑和污渍，使它看上去很旧。dent in Emma backed into a tree, leaving a dent in the car's rear bumper. 埃玛倒车时撞到一棵树上，把汽车的后保险杠撞了个凹痕。4 a long narrow hole across the surface of something 横穿某物表面的狭长裂口crack /kræk/ [countable noun]a long, narrow line across the surface of a hard substance such as glass or stone where it has been damaged 〔硬物表面的〕裂缝，裂口crack in This cup has a crack in it. 这只杯子有条缝。 The crack in the bedroom wall seems to be widening. 卧室墙上的那条裂缝好像越来越大了。split /splɪt/ [countable noun]Britisha long straight hole caused when a material such as plastic or cloth tears 【英】〔塑料、布料等的〕裂缝，裂口 We suddenly noticed there was a split in the side of the tent. 我们突然注意到帐篷的侧面有道裂缝。slit /slɪt/ [countable noun]a long, narrow hole, especially one that you can see through or put things through 狭长的口子，狭缝〔尤指可以看过去，或把东西放进去〕 Tania's skirt has a long slit up the back. 塔妮娅的裙子后面有一条长长的开叉。 I covered my eyes with my hands, watching through the slits between my fingers. 我用双手捂住眼睛，通过手指缝看出来。slot /slɒtǁslɑːt/ [countable noun]a straight narrow hole, for example on a container, made so that a particular type or size of object can fit through it 〔可投入东西的〕窄孔，狭缝 I dropped a quarter in the slot and dialed the number. 我在投币孔中投入一个二角五分的硬币，然后拨了号码。 The message was placed in every employee's mail slot. 每位员工的邮箱里都投放了这个信息。5 a hole in something that has been damaged, allowing water, air etc to escape 因受到破坏而形成的漏水、漏气等的孔hole /həʊl/ [countable noun]hole in Water trickled in through the hole in the roof. 水从屋顶上的那个洞滴漏进来。 There are holes in the ozone layer above Antarctica. 南极洲上空有臭氧层空洞。leak /liːk/ [countable noun]a hole where something has been damaged or broken that allows a gas or liquid to pass through when it should not 〔尤指泄漏气体或液体的〕漏洞；漏隙 The water pressure's right down - there must be a leak in the pipe. 水压一下子下降了——肯定是水管漏了。spring a leaksuddenly get a leak 突然出现裂缝 The boat had sprung a leak and it was sinking fast. 船突然出现裂缝，下沉得很快。puncture /ˈpʌŋktʃəʳ/ [countable noun]Britisha small hole in a tyre through which air escapes 【英】〔轮胎上的〕刺孔 I could hear the hissing sound of air escaping from the puncture. 我能听到轮胎的刺孔漏气的咝咝声。slow puncturea puncture from which air escapes slowly 慢慢漏气的小孔 The tyre's gone flat again -- I think we've got a slow puncture. 轮胎又瘪了—我想它有个小洞，气慢慢跑掉了。6 words for describing something that has lots of holes in it 描述某物有许多洞孔的词语be full of holes /biː ˌfʊl əv ˈhəʊlz/ [verb phrase] Parker's socks were so full of holes that his toes peeked through. 帕克的袜子上全是洞，脚趾都露出来了。 The roof was full of holes, all of which sprouted grass and moss. 屋顶上全是洞，都长满了草和苔藓。riddled with holes /ˌrɪdld wɪð ˈhəʊlz/ [adjective phrase]full of a great many small holes, especially in a surface 〔尤在表面〕到处是小洞 The old table was riddled with holes. 这张旧桌子上面全是洞眼。 The ship returned from the war-zone riddled with bullet holes. 这只船从战区回来，满身弹孔。perforated /ˈpɜːʳfəreɪtɪd, ˈpɜːʳfəreɪtəd/ [adjective]having a lot of small holes arranged in a regular pattern that has been made by a machine for a particular purpose 穿孔的，有齿孔的〔由机器为某一目的造成排列整齐的小孔〕 They put the insect into a tin with a perforated lid. 他们把虫子放入一个盖子上有孔的罐子里。 Tear along the perforated line and return the bottom part of the form. 顺齿孔撕下表格的底部并交回来。porous /ˈpɔːrəs/ [adjective]a substance such as rock or soil or a surface that isporous allows liquid or gas to pass through it 〔岩石、土壤等物质或表面〕多孔的；渗水的；透气的 If a garage has a porous floor, it can become extremely damp. 车库的地板如果是透水性的，会很潮湿。 Plants in containers made of porous material, must be watered more often than those in plastic pots. 种在透水性材料做的花盆里的植物，必须比种在塑料盆里的植物多浇水。leaky /ˈliːki/ [adjective usually before noun]aleaky roof, pipe etc is damaged so that it has a hole or holes in it that water comes through 〔屋顶、管道等〕漏水的；有漏洞的 The house had a leaky roof. 房子的屋顶漏水。 There was a pool of water in the corner where water was dripping from a leaky pipe. 角落里有一摊水，是水管漏了滴下来的。7 to make a hole in the ground or surface of something 在地里或某物的表面打洞hollow out /ˌhɒləʊ ˈaʊtǁˌhɑː-/ [transitive phrasal verb]to make a space by removing the inside part of something 挖空；掏空hollow out something/hollow something out Carefully hollow out the pineapple and then fill it with the ice-cream. 小心地把菠萝掏空，然后放入冰淇淋。dig out /ˌdɪg ˈaʊt/ [transitive phrasal verb]Britishto make a hole in the ground using a tool that is made for digging 【英】〔用工具〕挖，掘 To plant the tree you need to dig out a hole about 20 cm wide and 30 cm deep. 种树前，你要先挖一个约20厘米宽、30厘米深的洞。 The workmen were already digging out the foundations for the building. 工人们已经在挖大楼的地基。gouge /gaʊdʒ/ []to make a deep cut in a surface, using something sharp, especially in order to remove something 〔使用利器〕凿；挖出〔尤指除去某物〕 The blade gouged a deep wound in her leg. 刀片在她腿上割了一道很深的伤口。gouge out something/gouge something outremove something by violently cutting a hole 挖出某物 In the play he tries to gouge out his own eyes. 剧中他试图挖出自己的双眼。prick /prɪk/ [transitive verb]to make a very small hole in something, especially accidentally, using something pointed such as a pin 〔用尖的东西〕刺，戳，扎〔尤指不小心地〕 A small bead of blood formed where she had pricked her finger. 她扎到手指的地方形成了一个小血滴。 Prick the potatoes before baking them. 马铃薯在烘烤之前要戳几个洞。drill /drɪl/ [intransitive verb]to make a narrow hole in something using a tool that turns round and round very quickly 打眼，钻孔 I heard the dentist start drilling, but I couldn't feel anything. 我听见牙医开始钻孔，但我却没什么感觉。drill for oil/water/gas etc Oil companies still drill for oil off Santa Barbara. 石油公司还在圣巴巴拉附近海域钻探石油。drill into It sounds like someone's drilling into the wall. 那声音就像是有人在墙上钻孔。drilling [adjective] The oil engineers have already moved their drilling equipment into the area. 石油工程师已把钻探设备运进该地区。bore /bɔːʳ/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to make a hole in a hard surface such as rock or the ground using a lot of pressure, especially in order to find or remove minerals, coal etc 钻〔孔〕；凿〔井〕；挖〔通道〕〔尤指为了开采矿物、煤等〕 The mining company bored a 5000 foot hole. 采矿公司凿了一口5,000英尺深的井。 The machine they used to bore the tunnel is the size of a two storey house. 他们用来挖隧道的机器有两层楼的房子那么大。bore into/through They had to bore through solid rock. 他们必须在坚硬的岩石上打洞。dent /dent/ [transitive verb]to accidentally hit the surface of something, especially something metal, so that part of the surface is bent or slightly lower than the rest 〔意外地〕使凹陷，使产生凹痕〔尤指金属〕 He accidentally dented the garage door, trying to reverse in. 他倒车进车库的时候不小心撞凹了车库的门。dented [adjective] In the market I bought a beautiful but badly dented silver bowl. 我在市场上买了一只很漂亮但凹得很厉害的银碗。8 to make a hole through something 在某物上穿孔make a hole in /ˌmeɪk ə ˈhəʊl ɪn/ [verb phrase] Make a hole in the bottom of the plant pot to allow the water to drain out. 在花盆的底部钻个孔，以便让水流出。 Make a hole in the surface of the pie before you put it in the oven. 在馅饼的表面上留个洞，再放入烤箱。pierce /pɪəʳs/ [transitive verb]to make a small hole through something using something long and sharp 〔用长而尖的东西〕刺穿；戳穿 She pierced the lid of the can and poured the milk into a saucepan. 她戳穿罐盖，把牛奶倒入平底锅。 The arrow pierced his heart. 箭刺入了他的心脏。have your ears/nose/navel etc piercedhave holes made in them so that you can wear jewellery 给耳朵/鼻子/肚脐等穿孔 Shelley had her ears pierced when she was a teenager. 谢利十几岁的时候扎了耳洞。puncture /ˈpʌŋktʃəʳ/ [transitive verb]to damage something by making a hole through which air escapes 戳穿，刺破 The doctor was worried that the broken rib might puncture the woman's lung. 医生担心那女人断裂的肋骨可能会刺入她的肺。punctured [adjective] There was an old punctured football lying between the goal-posts. 球门柱之间有一个漏气的旧足球。punch /pʌntʃ/ [transitive verb]to make a hole through paper or material with a quick strong movement using a special tool 〔使用特殊的工具〕打孔，穿孔 The conductor walked through the train, punching everyone's ticket. 列车员穿过一节节车厢，给每一个人的车票打孔。punch a hole in something I punched holes in the papers and filed them away in a binder. 我在文件上打了孔，归档在一个活页文件夹里。 The shoemaker was threading stitches through tiny holes he had punched in the leather. 制鞋匠在皮革上打好小小的洞眼，正在一针针地缝上线。drill a hole /ˌdrɪl ə ˈhəʊl/ [verb phrase]to make a small hole in something using a tool that turns around and around very quickly 在…上钻孔drill a hole in I drilled two holes in the shelf and attached it to the wall. 我在架子搁板上钻了两个孔，把它安装在墙上。 We drilled several small holes in the lid of the jar. 我们在瓶盖上钻了几个小孔。