GROW1 when people, animals, or plants get bigger2 someone or something that has finished growing3 to make plants grow4 to put seeds or young plants into the ground5 the amount of something that is grown in one season6 land where the soil is good for growing plants7 land where the soil is not good for growing plantsRELATED WORDSto become larger in number, amount, cost etc 数、量、费用等变大INCREASEto change over a period of time and become bigger, stronger, better etc 在一段时期内发生改变，变得更大、更强、更好等DEVELOPsee alsoBIGCHANGE/NOT CHANGE1 when people, animals, or plants get bigger 人、动物或植物成长起来grow /grəʊ/ [intransitive verb]to become bigger and more developed over a period of time 成长，长大 Tom has really grown since I last saw him. 自从我上次见到汤姆以来，他长大了很多。 The fish are kept in tanks until they have grown enough to be released into the river. 鱼在鱼池里养，直至大到可以放进河里去。grow one metre/two centimetres/six inches etc Amy grew 6 inches last year. 埃米去年长高了6英寸。grow into Within a few years, these saplings will grow into tall trees. 不出几年，这些幼苗就会长成大树。grow to ten inches/two metres/70 feet etc The Eastern White Pine often grows to 200 feet. 北美白松一般能长到200英尺。grow to a height/length/width etc of Sunflowers can grow to a height of ten feet. 向日葵可以长到10英尺高。growth [uncountable noun] A healthy diet is necessary for a child's normal growth. 健康的饮食对于一个孩子的正常发育来说是必需的。develop /dɪˈveləp/ [intransitive verb]if a child, plant, or animaldevelops, it gradually changes into the form it will have as an adult 成长，发育 The baby develops very quickly during the first few weeks of pregnancy. 怀孕的头几个星期，宝宝发育得非常快。develop into In less that 12 weeks the chicks will develop into adult birds. 不到12周，小鸡就会发育成熟。development [uncountable noun] All the children are weighed and measured regularly to check their development. 所有儿童都定期测量体重和身高，检查发育情况。get taller/bigger /ˌget ˈtɔːləʳ, ˈbɪgəʳ/ [verb phrase]to grow and become taller, especially in a short period of time 〔尤指在短时间里〕长高/长大 Eleanor's getting bigger, isn't she? I hardly recognised her. 埃莉诺真是长大了，我差一点认不出她来。get bigger and bigger/taller and taller The grass got taller and taller over the summer. 夏天，草越长越高。shoot up /ˌʃuːt ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb]to suddenly get a lot bigger - use this about children and plants that have grown quickly 迅速长高〔用于指儿童和植物〕 Jo's shot up since I last saw her. 自从我上次见到乔以来，她长高了许多。 In May the plants all start to shoot up. 到了5月，花草树木都开始迅速生长。come up /ˌkʌm ˈʌp/ [intransitive phrasal verb]if plantscome up, they start growing above the soil, especially in the spring 长出来〔指植物，尤在春天里破土发芽〕 I sowed lots of poppies, but they haven't come up yet. 我种了许多罂粟，但是还没有长出来。 The weeds keep coming up year after year. 杂草一年年不停地长出来。increase in size /ɪnˌkriːs ɪn ˈsaɪz/ [verb phrase]if somethingincreases in size, it gets bigger, especially as a result of particular conditions 长大，增大〔尤指作为某些情况的结果〕 As the plant grows, the roots also increase in size. 植物生长时，根也随之长大。 If the tumour is not removed, it will increase in size and may cause a blockage. 肿瘤如果不切除，就会越来越大，可能阻塞血管。mature /məˈtʃʊəʳ/ [intransitive verb]if a plantmatures, it grows to its full size 〔植物〕生长成熟 A tree takes many years to mature. 一棵树要经许多年才完全长成。 In the hot weather the fruit matured quickly. 在炎热的天气里，水果成熟得很快。2 someone or something that has finished growing 完成生长的人或物fully grown /ˌfʊli ˈgrəʊn◂/ [adjective]afully-grown person, animal, or plant has reached the size that it will stay at 完全长大的；完全发育的 A fully grown elephant can weigh several tons. 一头完全成年的大象可以重达好几吨。 Jim was six foot at the age of fourteen, even before he was fully grown. 吉姆在14岁还没有完全发育的时候就有6英尺高了。 The shrubs were transplanted fully grown from other parts of the country. 这些灌木是在完全长成后从该国其他地区移栽过来的。adult /ˈædʌlt, əˈdʌlt/ [adjective only before noun]adult animal/insect/female etcan animal that has developed fully and finished growing - use this especially in scientific contexts when you are comparing older and younger animals 成年的动物/昆虫/女性等〔尤用于科学方面〕 The disease can be very serious in adult animals. 这种疾病在成年动物身上会很严重。 It was thought that the skull was too small and light to belong to an adult male. 有人认为，这个头骨太小太轻，不是属于成年男性的。 Soon the skin of the pupa splits open, and the fully-formed adult butterfly emerges. 不久，蛹皮裂开，完全成形的蝴蝶成虫破蛹而出。mature /məˈtʃʊəʳ/ [adjective]a plant or animal that ismature has finished growing and developing 〔植物或动物〕已长成的；成年的；成熟的 The house has a lovely garden surrounded by mature oak trees. 这房子有一座美丽的花园，花园四周有成熟的橡树环抱。 A hen is a mature female chicken, more than ten months old. 母鸡是十个月以上、发育成熟的雌性鸡。3 to make plants grow 使植物生长grow /grəʊ/ [transitive verb]to plant and look after plants so that they develop and grow 种植 Farmers in this area grow mainly wheat. 这地区的农民主要种植小麦。 It's very satisfying growing your own vegetables. 自己种植蔬菜很有满足感。 Wild flowers are quick and easy to grow from seed. 用花籽栽种野花又快又容易。cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt, ˈkʌltəveɪt/ [transitive verb]to grow vegetables and other crops, especially in order to sell them 种植，栽种〔蔬菜、谷物等，尤指为了出售〕 Nearer the coast, huge areas of land are given over to cultivating tomatoes. 靠近海岸的地方，大片大片的土地被用来种植番茄。 Gradually it was found more profitable to cultivate vines and olives rather than grain. 渐渐地，人们发现种葡萄和橄榄树比种谷物利润更大。cultivate the landuse the land to grow crops 开垦耕地 Population growth is causing people to clear more woodland so that they can cultivate the land. 人口的增长使人们砍伐了更多的林地用来开垦耕地。cultivation /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən, ˌkʌltəˈveɪʃən/ [uncountable noun]cultivate of In the mountains, the higher rainfall allows for the cultivation of some cereals. 山区里雨水较多，可以种植一些谷类作物。cultivated [adjective] Wild strawberries are smaller than the cultivated variety. 野草莓比人工种植的草莓小。raise /reɪz/ [transitive verb]to grow plants, especially in large amounts to be used as food 种植〔尤指大量种植作为食物〕 Last year we raised a good crop of onions. 去年我们种了很多洋葱。 Tomato plants can be raised from seed in a heated greenhouse. 番茄可以用种子放在加热温室里培植。have green fingersBritish/have a green thumbAmerican /hæv ˌgriːn ˈfɪŋgəʳz, hæv ə ˌgriːn ˈθʌm/ [verb phrase]to be good at making plants grow 善于种植 He had green fingers, my grandfather. He could grow anything. 我祖父很会侍花弄草，他什么都会种。！ The flower show season is upon us, and whether you have a green thumb or not, you should take a look at your garden. 就要到花展季节了，不管你是否擅长园艺，都应该照看一下你的花园。4 to put seeds or young plants into the ground 把种子或幼苗种在土里plant /plɑːntǁplænt/ [transitive verb]to put seeds or plants into the soil so that they will grow 栽种；播种 Before you plant the seeds, prepare the soil carefully. 在播种之前，要仔细翻整好土壤。 They planted an oak tree in the middle of the field. 他们在田地中央种了一棵橡树。 Towards the end of March, the potatoes can be planted outside in the ground. 接近3月底的时候，马铃薯可以种在外面的地里。sow /səʊ/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to plant seeds in the soil, especially in a planned way and at the best time of year for them to grow well 〔尤以计划好的方式，并在年中最适当的时候〕播种 If you want an early crop, you should sow in September. 如果你想早点收获，应该在9月播种。 Sow the seeds in rows about 20 centimetres apart. 一行行播下种子，每行间距约20厘米。 The ground was still too waterlogged for sowing rice. 土地仍旧积水太多，不能种稻子。5 the amount of something that is grown in one season 某物在一个季节里长出的数量crop /krɒpǁkrɑːp/ [countable noun]the amount of wheat, rice, fruit etc that is produced in one season 〔小麦、稻、水果等一季的〕收成，收获 The rain was so bad this year that he lost the whole crop of barley. 今年的雨水太多，他的大麦全无收成。〔 With high-yield varieties of rice the farmers can grow two or three crops a year. 有了各种高产量的稻，农民一年可以种两季或三季。potato/cereal/rice etc crop Indian farmers have doubled their output of cereal crops like wheat. 印度的农民已经把小麦等谷类作物的产量增加了一倍。crop failurewhen the crop does not grow or is destroyed 庄稼歉收 The famine was caused by drought, which led to widespread crop failure. 这次饥荒是干旱导致庄稼普遍歉收引起的。record/bumper cropan unusually large crop 大丰收 Thanks to the lovely weather we had a bumper crop of peaches and nectarines this year. 多亏了好天气，我们今年的桃子和油桃大丰收。harvest /ˈhɑːʳvɪst, ˈhɑːʳvəst/ [countable noun]the crops that are ready to be gathered or that have been gathered at a particular time of the year 待收割的庄稼；收获，收成 The harvest is usually ready in July or August. 庄稼一般在7月或8月可以收割。a good/bad etc harvestwhen you get a lot of crops or not many 丰收/歉收等 The heavy frosts had ended hopes of a good harvest that year. 那年严重的霜冻打破了人们丰收的希望。olive/grain/grape etc harvest This year's olive harvest was the best since the war. 自那场战争以来，今年橄榄的收成是最好的。a bumper harvestan unusually large harvest 大丰收 As a result of several bumper harvests, the country now has a grain surplus. 因为有了多次的大丰收，这个国家的谷物过剩。get the harvest ingather the crops 收割庄稼 Even the youngest children would come and help to get the harvest in. 即使是最小的孩子也会来帮忙收割庄稼。6 land where the soil is good for growing plants 适合种植植物的土地fertile /ˈfɜːʳtaɪlǁ-tl/ [adjective]land or soil that isfertile is good for growing plants because it contains substances that plants need 肥沃的 This shrub likes sun and water as well as a fertile well-drained soil. 这种灌木喜欢阳光和水，还喜欢肥沃、排水良好的土壤。 Farmers left the rocky hills of New England for the fertile plains of the Middle West. 农民们离开了新英格兰多岩石的山丘，到中西部肥沃的平原去。 The valley was fertile, and a good crop was a near certainty. 这个山谷土地肥沃，丰收几乎是笃定的。fertility /fɜːʳˈtɪlɪti, fɜːʳˈtɪləti/ [uncountable noun] Native American tribes migrated to the region, exploiting the fertility of the soil. 北美土著部落迁徙到这个地区，开发这片肥沃的土壤。rich /rɪtʃ/ [adjective]soil or land that isrich contains a lot of substances that help plants to grow 肥沃的 Potato plants are easy to grow and do not require rich soil. 马铃薯容易种植，不需要肥沃的土壤。 the rich farmland of the Ukraine 乌克兰肥沃的农田rich in The soil in this area is rich in nitrogen. 这个地区的土壤含丰富的氮。7 land where the soil is not good for growing plants 不适合种植植物的土地poor /pʊəʳ/ [adjective]soil or land that is poor does not contain many substances that help plants to grow 贫瘠的 Most herbs grow fairly well in dry, poor soil. 多数草本植物在干燥、贫瘠的土壤里也能长得很好。 The land around here is poor because of years of intensive farming. 由于长年的密集耕作，这一带的土地很贫瘠。poor in The soil is very poor in minerals and needs some fertilizer. 土壤里矿物质含量很少，需要施肥。barren /ˈbærən/ [adjective]land that isbarren is useless for growing crops on, and is usually dry and empty 贫瘠的，荒瘠的 Intense heat had created a completely barren landscape, almost like the moon. 酷热造成了一片不毛之地，几乎就像月球上一样。 the rocky, barren slopes of the mountain 荒瘠多石的山坡