TESTtest/exam1 a test of your knowledge or skill2 to do a test or exam3 to do a test or exam again4 someone who does an exam5 to give students a test or exam6 a person who judges a test or exam7 to pass a test8 to fail a testtest/experiment9 a test on something to check it or find out about it10 to do a test on something in order to check it or find out about it11 to use a person or animal in a test12 a person or animal that is used in a testRELATED WORDSanswer a question 回答问题ANSWER (8-10)the result of a test or exam 测验或考试的成绩GRADEsee alsoLEARNSTUDYTEACHSUBJECTSCHOOL/UNIVERSITY1 a test of your knowledge or skill 知识或技能测试test /test/ [countable noun]a set of spoken or written questions or practical activities, which are intended to find out how much someone knows about a subject or skill 测验；考试；考查 Several students were caught cheating on the test. 几名学生考试作弊被抓到。 The committee is calling for national tests for American schoolchildren. 该委员会呼吁对全美小学生实行全国测验。spelling/reading/biology etc test I have a chemistry test tomorrow. 明天我要考化学。driving/driver's test Did Lauren pass her driving test? 劳伦通过驾驶考试了吗？test on Listen carefully, because there will be a test on this next week. 仔细听好，因为下周有个测验要考这个内容。examalsoexaminationformal /ɪgˈzæm, ɪgˌzæmˈneɪʃən/ [countable noun]an important test that you do at the end of a course of study or at the end of the school year 〔尤指课程或学年结束时的〕考试 Students are not allowed to talk during the examination. 考试时学生不许讲话。 He's upstairs, revising for an exam. 他在楼上温习功课迎考。in an exam British /on an examAmerican How did you do in your exams? 你考试考得如何？entrance examan exam you must pass to enter a school or university 入学考试 In Japan, entrance exams are very important, and many children go to extra classes to prepare for them. 在日本，入学考试是非常重要的，许多儿童都去参加补习班来预备考试。history/French/biology etc exam We have a biology exam tomorrow, and I haven't done any work for it yet. 明天我们要考生物，但我还没有作任何准备。final/mid-term examAmericanexams taken at the end or the middle of a particular class 【美】期末/期中考试 Final exams will be just before Christmas. 期末考试就在圣诞节前。quiz /kwɪz/ [countable noun]Americana quick test that a teacher gives to a class, usually to check that students are learning the things they should be learning 【美】小测验 We have a history quiz every Monday. 每周一我们都有一次历史小测验。pop quiza quiz that is not expected by the students 突击测验 He likes giving pop quizzes, to see if the kids are remembering anything. 他喜欢进行突击测验来看看孩子们是否记住了所学的内容。oral examalsooralBritish /ˈɔːrəl ɪgˌzæm, ˈɔːrəl/ [countable noun]an exam in which you answer questions by speaking, instead of writing, for example to test how good you are at speaking a foreign language 口试 You can either take an oral exam or do a 25 page essay. 你可以参加口试，或者写一篇25页的论文。 Nicky got an A in her Spanish oral. 尼基在西班牙语口试中得了个A。practical /ˈpræktɪkəl/ [countable noun]Britishan exam that tests your ability to do or make things, rather than your ability to write about them, for example in subjects such as chemistry or cooking 【英】〔化学或烹饪等的〕实验考试，实际操作能力考试 We've got our chemistry practical tomorrow morning. 我们明天上午要参加化学实验考试。finals /ˈfaɪnlz/ [plural noun]Britishthe last exams that you take at the end of a British university course 【英】〔英国大学的〕毕业考试 During my finals I was revising till 3 o'clock in the morning most days. 大学毕业考试期间的大部分日子里，我都要温习到凌晨3点。final/midterm /ˈfaɪnl, ˌmɪdˈtɜːʳm◂/ [countable noun]Americanthe test you take at the end of a particular class, or the test you take in the middle of that class 【美】期终考试/期中考试 This class will require two papers, a midterm, and a final. 这门课要完成两篇论文，期中和期末考试各一次。assessment /əˈsesmənt/ [uncountable noun]especially Britisha method used to find out how good a student is at a particular subject, for example by giving them written work, tests, or exams 【尤英】评估；考核；学习情况评定 Assessment is by means of a written exam at the end of the course. 考核方法是在课程结束时进行笔试。continuous assessmentassessment throughout a student's course of study, instead of only at the end 连续性学习情况评定 Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous assessment, because it gives a fairer picture of how the student has done during the whole year. 大部分学校现在都喜欢进行持续性评估，因为这样能够更加公正地反映出学生在整个学年内的表现。testing /ˈtestɪŋ/ [uncountable noun]the system of using exams and tests to find out how good someone is at a particular subject 测验；考核 The government plans to introduce compulsory testing in junior schools from the age of 7. 政府计划在小学为七岁以上的学童推行强制考核制度。 I believe that some sort of testing is always necessary in order to motivate students. 我相信为了激励学生学习，总需要有某种形式的考核。2 to do a test or exam 参加测验或考试take /teɪk/ [transitive verb] Anna will be taking her music exam in the summer. 夏天安娜要参加音乐考试。 Most young people take the SAT exams in their last year of high school. 大多数年轻人都在中学的最后一年参加学业能力倾向测验。 I took my driving test when I was 18. 18岁时我参加了驾驶考试。do /duː/ [transitive verb]Britishdo is more informal thattake, and is used especially in conversation 【英】参加〔do较take不正式，尤用于口语〕 I'd better go home -- I've got to do an exam in the morning. 我最好回家—明天上午还得考试呢。 The kids are doing a test this morning. 孩子们今天上午要考试。havealsohave got /hæv, həv ˈgɒtǁ-ˈgɑːt/ [transitive verb]if youhave an exam tomorrow, next week etc, you are going to do it then 〔明天、下周等〕要参加〔考试〕 We have a quiz every week on what we've been reading. 我们每周都有小测验，考读过的内容。 I have a written exam in the morning and an interview in the afternoon. 我上午参加笔试，下午面试。 Lucy's got her driving test next week. 露西下周要参加驾驶考试。sit /sɪt/ [transitive verb]Britishto do a written school or college exam 【英】参加〔学校或大学笔试〕 I sat my final exams last year. 我去年参加了毕业考试。3 to do a test or exam again 再次参加测验或考试retake/take something again /ˌriːˈteɪk, ˌteɪk something əˈgen/ [transitive verb/verb phrase]to do a test or exam again because you have previously failed it 〔因不及格〕重考，补考 She wants to retake her French A-level exam. 她想重考法语的高级程度考试。 Ralph retook his driver's test in June. 拉尔夫6月份重考了驾驶考试。 If you fail the test, you can always take it again 如果你考试不及格总是可以重考的。retake /ˈriːteɪk/ [countable noun]British Can you sit a retake? 你可以参加补考吗？resit /ˌriːˈsɪt/ [transitive verb]Britishto do a written school or college exam again because you have previously failed it 【英】〔因不及格〕补考 It only makes sense to resit an exam if you strongly believe you will do better. 只有当你坚信自己可以考得更好时，补考才是有意义的。resit /ˈriːsɪt/ [countable noun] Is a resit possible? 可以参加补考吗？4 someone who does an exam 参加考试的人candidate /ˈkændɪdət, ˈkændədətǁ-deɪt, -dt/ [countable noun]Britishsomeone who does an exam 【英】参加考试者；考生 Candidates should be at their desks 5 minutes before the start of the examination. 考生应在开考前五分钟就座。5 to give students a test or exam 对学生进行测验或考试give somebody a test /ˌgɪv somebody ə ˈtest/ [verb phrase]to make someone do a test 考某人，对某人进行测验〔考试〕 Schools are required to give students national standardized tests. 学校需要对学生进行全国统一考试。give sb a test on The French teacher gave us a test on irregular verbs, and I got 100%. 法语教师对我们进行了有关不规则动词的测验，我得了100分。test /test/ [transitive verb]to ask someone written or spoken questions to find out what they know about a subject 测验〔某人对某学科的知识〕 New students are tested in math and reading, and placed in the appropriate class. 新生须进行数学和阅读测试，然后分配到合适的班级。test somebody on something Tomorrow you'll be tested on the main events of the Civil War. 明天要考你们美国内战时发生的重要事件。set somebody a test/an exam /ˌset somebody ə ˈtest, ən ɪgˈzæm/ [verb phrase]Britishto choose the questions that are in a test or exam 【英】给某人出考题 Next lesson I'm setting you all a test to see how much you've learned. 下堂课我要出题给大家测验，看看大家掌握了多少。 Whoever set the exam didn't seem to know the material very well. 出考卷的人好像不太熟悉内容。examine /ɪgˈzæmɪn, ɪgˈzæmən/ [transitive verb]formalto ask someone questions in an exam in order to find out what they know about a particular subject 【正式】考试；考核 To save time, students will be examined in groups of three. 为节省时间，学生将三人一组接受考试。examine somebody on something Students will be examined on all aspects of Russian literature and history. 学生将参加俄国文学和历史各方面知识的考试。6 a person who judges a test or exam 测验或考试的主考人examiner /ɪgˈzæmɪnəʳ, ɪgˈzæmənəʳ/ [countable noun]Britishsomeone who judges exams or tests 【英】主考人；考官 The examiner told him to relax and then asked him to turn on the engine. 考官叫他放松，然后叫他发动引擎。 Students who, in the opinion of the examiners, do not reach the required standard must take the exam again. 主考人认为未达要求标准的学生必须重考。7 to pass a test 通过考试pass /pɑːsǁpæs/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to reach a high enough standard to succeed in an examination or test 通过〔考试〕 ‘I'm taking my driving test today.’ ‘Do you think you'll pass?’ “我今天要参加驾驶考试。”“你觉得自己能通过吗？” New recruits have to pass a physical fitness test. 新兵必须通过身体健康测试。pass with flying coloursBritish /colorsAmericanpass a test or examination with very high marks 以优异成绩通过考试 She was so nervous about her examination results, but in fact she passed with flying colours. 她对自己的考试成绩感到很不安，但实际上她考得很好。qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ, ˈkwɒləfaɪǁˈkwɑː-/ [intransitive verb]especially Britishto pass all the examinations that you need in order to become a doctor, lawyer, engineer etc 【尤英】获得资格，取得资格〔成为医生、律师、工程师等〕 After qualifying, she joined the NatWest Bank as a corporate advisor. 她取得资格后就成为了国民威斯敏斯特银行的一名公司顾问。qualify as She wanted to improve her English so she could qualify as a translator. 她想提高英语水平以便取得当译员的资格。graduate /ˈgrædʒueɪt/ [intransitive verb]to pass all your final examinations at university or college, and get a degree. In the US, graduate also means to successfully complete your high school education 大学毕业〔在美国也指高中毕业〕 What are you going to do after you graduate? 你毕业后打算干什么?graduate from Mitch graduated from Stanford in 1998 with a degree in biochemistry. 1998年米奇毕业于斯坦福大学，获生物化学学位。graduate in history/French/medicine etcBritish She graduated in modern languages and now works as an interpreter. 她毕业于现代语言专业，现在是一位译员。scrape through /ˌskreɪp ˈθruː/ [intransitive/transitive phrasal verb]especially British, informalto only just pass an examination, by getting only a few marks more than are necessary 【尤英，非正式】勉强通过〔考试〕 Daniel scraped through the entrance exam. 丹尼尔勉强通过了入学考试。 I scraped through my exams with marks just good enough to keep my place in the school of pharmacy. 我勉强通过了考试，成绩刚够我继续留在药剂系里。get through /ˌget ˈθruː/ [intransitive/transitive phrasal verb]to pass a difficult test or examination 通过〔困难的测验或考试〕 The entrance exam is very difficult and only a small minority of candidates get through. 入学考试很难，只有少数考生通过了。get somebody through something Reading that book at the last minute was the only thing that got me through the history exam. 我在最后关头读了那本书才使我通过了历史考试。sail/breeze through /ˈseɪl, ˈbriːz θruː/ [intransitive/transitive phrasal verb]informalto pass a test or examination very easily 【非正式】轻松通过〔考试〕 ‘How'd his exams go?’ "He breezed through - no trouble at all. “他考试考得怎样？”“他轻松通过了，没任何困难。”sail/breeze through something She sailed through her driving test the first time. 她第一次参加驾驶考试就轻松过关。pass/be given a pass /pɑːs, biː ˌgɪvənə ˈpɑːsǁ-ˈpæs/ [transitive verb/verb phrase] My teacher told me she passed me only because she knew I'd had a really hard year. 老师告诉我说，她让我及格只是因为她知道我这一年学习很用功。 I didn't think the candidate deserved to be given a pass but the other examiners disagreed. 我认为不应该给这名应考者及格，但其他考官却不同意。8 to fail a test 考试不及格fail /feɪl/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to not reach a high enough standard to succeed in a test or exam 〔考试〕不及格，未能通过 She failed her history class and has to take it again. 她历史考试不及格，只得重考。 ‘How did Chris do in his driving test?’ ‘He failed.’ “克里斯驾驶考试考得怎样？”“他没通过。” Many of the boys in the program had been failing at school. 参加该项目的男孩子中有许多都在学校考试中不及格。flunk /flʌŋk/ [transitive verb]American informalto fail an exam 【美，非正式】〔考试〕不及格，没通过 He was cutting school and flunking classes. 他逃学，考试也不及格。 She flunked the state bar exam four times before she finally passed. 她参加州律师资格考试四次不及格后才终于通过了。flunk outfail all your classes, so that you have to leave school 〔因考试全部不及格而〕退学 Brant flunked out of college his first year. 布兰特上大学第一年就因所有科目都不及格而退学了。bomb /bɒmǁbɑːm/ [intransitive/transitive verb]American informalto fail a test or exam very badly 【美，非正式】〔考试〕失败，不及格，考砸了 I bombed on the quiz he gave us. 他给我们布置的小测验我考砸了。 ‘How'd it go?’ ‘I bombed on the written section, but I think I did okay on the multiple choice part.’ “考得怎样？”“笔试部分我考得一塌糊涂，但我觉得多项选择题部分我考得还好。》9 a test on something to check it or find out about it 为进行检查或了解情况而对某物进行的测试test /test/ [countable noun]a process that is used for finding out important information about something, for example whether a machine is working properly, whether a substance is safe, or whether someone has an illness 检验，检测，试验 a ban on nuclear tests 禁止核试验test to determine/show/find etc Teachers can use the program to create tests to check children's progress. 教师可以使用这套程序来设计考题检查学童的进度。 A blood test can be done to determine who the baby's father is. 可以进行血液测试来确定这个婴儿的生父是谁。carry out a test/do a test Doctors did several tests to find out what was wrong. 医生做了几次化验想找出什么地方出问题。test on We carry out safety tests on all our products. 我们对所有产品都进行安全测试。test forto find out if something exists 〔找出某物是否存在的〕检测 There is a simple test for diabetes. 有一种简单的检测方法可验出糖尿病。eye/blood/skin etc test A blood test will show if you are a possible bone marrow donor. 做个血液化验就可以验出你是不是合适的骨髓捐赠者。hearing/sight etc test Nine-month-old babies are given hearing tests by health visitors. 卫生访问员会给九个月大的婴儿做听力测试。experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt, ɪkˈsperəmənt/ [countable noun]a scientific test to find out how something is affected when you do something to it 实验，试验〔指为找出某物在某情况下的反应〕 In one experiment, the men were not allowed to sleep and then were tested on how well they were able to concentrate. 在一项实验中，参与者不准睡觉，然后测试这些人的注意力集中程度。 The elderly people were taught meditation in the 12-week experiment. 这个为期12周的实验教老年人冥想。do/carry out/perform an experiment They are doing experiments to learn more about the affects of alcohol on the brain. 他们在做实验以更了解酒精对大脑的影响。experiment onan experiment using something 用…做实验 The Institute plans to conduct no further experiments on monkeys. 这家研究所打算不再用猴子做试验。experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl◂, ɪkˌsperəˈmentl◂/ [adjective] an experimental medical treatment 试验性疗法experimentally [adverb] The FDA has granted researchers permission to use the drug experimentally on humans. 美国食品和药物管理局允许研究人员在人身上试用这种药物。trial /ˈtraɪəl/ [countable noun]a test in which a new product, such as a drug, a weapon, or a vehicle, is used by a small number of people in order to find out if it is safe and effective 〔对新产品的安全性和有效性的〕试验 Results of the drug trial will be available soon. 这种药的试验结果很快就会出来了。trial of Probert is overseeing the trials of the new explosives. 普罗伯特在监督这种新炸药的试验。clinical triala trial of a drug or treatment that is done carefully by doctors on humans 临床试验 Until now, the drug was only available to people taking part in clinical trials. 迄今为止，这种药只提供给参加临床试验的人使用。testing /ˈtestɪŋ/ [uncountable noun]formalwhen something such as a process, system, substance etc is being examined, in order to see whether it exists, is safe, or is working properly 【正式】〔对过程、系统、物质等的〕试验，测试 The U.S. conducted atomic weapons testing in Nevada during the 1950s. 20世纪50年代美国在内华达州进行了核武器试验。 The aircraft is still in the early stages of testing and production. 这种飞机尚在测试和制造的初期。drug/genetic/AIDS etc testing Athletes will be subject to random drug testing. 运动员要接受随机抽样的药物检测。trial run /ˈtraɪəl rʌn/ [countable noun]an occasion when you test a new method or system to see if it works well 〔对新方法或系统的〕试用，试行 The national railroad is doing a few trial runs to test new equipment. 全国铁路正在进行几次试车以测试新设备。pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ [countable noun]a test in which a new idea or plan is used in a limited number of places or situations, in order to see if it is worth continuing or doing in a more general way 小规模试验；试用〔以决定某个新想法或计划是否值得继续进行或推广〕 The results of the pilot have been encouraging. 试验结果令人鼓舞。pilot study/project/program etc The government sponsored a pilot project to find out how the education reforms would work in schools. 政府资助了一项试验计划以了解教育改革会在学校产生什么效果。piloting /ˈpaɪlətɪŋ/ [uncountable noun]a process in which a new system or product is tested using different groups of people in order to see how effective and popular it will be 试验〔用以判断某新系统或产品的效果或受欢迎程度〕 Extensive piloting has shown us our study book will be a useful aid to students. 广泛的试验显示我们的学习用书将对学生十分有用。10 to do a test on something in order to check it or find out about it 给某物做试验以进行检查或了解其情况do a test/anexperimentalsoconduct/perform an experiment/a testformal /ˌduː ə ˈtest, ən ɪkˈspermənt, kənˌdʌkt, pəʳˌfɔːʳm ən ɪkˈspermənt, ə ˈtest/ [verb phrase] He has a blood test done each week to see how effective the medication is. 他每周验一次血以了解药物的作用。 Children can use the magnet to perform many simple experiments. 儿童可以用磁铁来做许多简单的实验。 The company did not conduct adequate safety tests. 这家公司没有进行足够的安全试验。do a test/anexperiment on The space shuttle crew conducted experiments on plants and cells in a special lab. 航天飞机上的工作人员在一个特殊的实验室里对植物和细胞进行实验。test /test/ [transitive verb]to do atest on something to find out whether it works or to get more information about it 试验，测试〔以检查某物是否能用或得到更多信息〕 Test your brakes to check they are working correctly. 试一试刹车看看是否运作正常。 The devices were tested very carefully and are considered safe. 这些设备已仔细地检查过并被认为是安全的。test something on somebody/something These products have not been tested on animals. 这些产品没有在动物身上做过试验。test something for somethingto find out whether it has a substance in it 测试某物是否含有某物 The water is being tested for signs of chemical pollution. 水正进行测试，检查是否受到化学污染。run a test /ˌrʌn ə ˈtest/ [verb phrase]to do a test, especially one that is often used, or one that has been prepared and is ready to be done 做试验〔尤指常用的或已准备好了要做的试验〕 Doctors ran tests to determine the cause of his irregular heartbeat. 医生做了一些检验以确诊他心律不齐的原因。 We think the equipment is working fine, but we still need to run a few more tests. 我们觉得这个设备运作正常，但我们还需要再做些测试。carry out tests /ˌkæri aʊt ˈtests/ [verb phrase]if someone such as a doctor or scientistcarries out tests, they do a set of tests in order to find out what is wrong, what needs improving etc 〔医生、科学家等〕进行一系列试验〔检验〕〔以找出错处或需改进之处〕 Police scientists are carrying out tests on the murder victim's clothes. 警方的科学家正在对凶杀案受害者的衣服进行一系列检验。 Results of tests carried out at this clinic are always strictly confidential. 在这个诊所进行检验所得的结果总被严格保密。try out /ˌtraɪ ˈaʊt/ [transitive phrasal verb]to test an object such as a tool or piece of equipment by using it, or to test a plan or idea by doing it 试验，试用〔工具、设备或计划、想法等〕try something out Toy manufacturers use employees’ children to try new products out. 玩具制造商用雇员的孩子来试验他们的新产品。try out something He visited the center several times, trying out different computer software packages. 他几度走访该中心，试用不同的电脑套装软件。put something to the test /ˌpʊt something tə ðə ˈtest/ [verb phrase]to test something, such as an idea, a belief, or a product, to see if it works as well as someone says it does or as you think it will 试验，检验〔想法、信念或产品等〕 The system's effectiveness will soon be put to the test. 这套系统的有效性很快将受到试验。 The soldiers worked out a strategy which was then put to the test in a training exercise. 士兵们想出了一种策略，并在一次演习中进行了试验。pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ [transitive verb]to test a new system or product using different groups of people in order to see how effective or popular it is 试用，试验〔新系统或新产品〕 The coursebook was piloted in schools all over Europe. 这本教科书在全欧洲的学校里试用。11 to use a person or animal in a test 用人或动物做试验experiment on /ɪkˈsperɪment ɒn, ɪkˈsperəment ɒn/ [transitive phrasal verb]to use someone or something in scientific tests in order to find out how they are affected when you do something to them 用〔人或物〕做试验 For some disease research, experimenting on animals is very important. 对某些疾病的研究而言，在动物身上做试验是很重要的。 Some of the government labs had experimented on humans without their consent. 一些政府的实验室在未得到当事人同意的情况下在人身上做试验。test something on /ˈtest something ɒn/ [transitive phrasal verb]to do tests in which a group of people or animals use a product, take a drug etc in order to see what their reaction is 在〔一组人或动物〕身上试用某物 This face cream has not been tested on animals. 这种面霜未经动物试验。 They've just received permission to begin testing the new drug on humans. 他们刚得到批准开始在人身上试验这种新药。screen /skriːn/ [transitive verb]to test a person or a particular group of people to see if they have a particular illness or infection 筛查；测试；检查〔一个人或一组人是否患有或传染了某种疾病〕 Because breast cancer is common in older women, we screen all women over 50. 因为乳腺癌常见于年纪较大的妇女，所以我们给所有年过50岁的妇女作检查。screen somebody/something for If you receive blood in the United Kingdom it will already have been screened for HIV. 要是在英国接受输血，这些血液是已经经过艾滋病病毒筛查的了。screening [uncountable noun] The company has recently introduced free health screening for all its employees. 这家公司最近在所有的职员中推行了免费的健康检查。vivisection /ˌvɪvɪˈsekʃən, ˌvɪvəˈsekʃən/ [uncountable noun]the practice of doing tests on live animals, for example in order to increase medical knowledge or to test new products 〔为增加医学知识或测试新产品而进行的〕动物活体试验，动物活体解剖 I'm not against vivisection, but obviously we all want to avoid animals suffering unnecessarily. 我不反对动物活体试验，但显然我们都想要避免让动物遭受不必要的痛苦。 Without vivisection many of the recent anti-cancer advances simply would not have been made. 不做动物活体实验的话，许多最新的抗癌方面的医疗进展是不可能取得的。12 a person or animal that is used in a test 被用于做实验的人或动物subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ [countable noun]formala person or animal that is used in a test - use this especially in scientific contexts 【正式】接受实验的人〔动物〕，实验对象〔尤用于科学范畴〕 Subjects for this experiment represented a good cross-section of the American population. 这项实验的对象是全体美国人的典型代表。 All subjects were tested for perfect hearing before the experiment began. 在实验开始前，所有接受实验者都先做了听力健全测试。guinea pig /ˈgɪni pɪg/ [countable noun]informala person or animal who takes part in a test to see how successful or useful a new idea, system, machine etc is, sometimes without being asked 【非正式】实验对象 Would you both mind being the guinea pigs for a new recipe I want to try out? 我想试做一种新菜谱，你们俩愿意当品尝者吗？ Students are complaining that they are being used as guinea pigs for the new maths syllabus. 学生抱怨说他们成了新数学课程的实验品。