SUMMARIZE1 to summarize something2 a statement in which facts or ideas are summarized3 what you say when you are going to summarize something4 to describe something in a general way, giving only the main pointsRELATED WORDSsee alsoSHORTWRITE1 to summarize something 总结某事summarizealsosummariseBritish /ˈsʌməraɪz/ [intransitive/transitive verb]to make a short statement giving only the main information, but not the details, of a report, plan, event etc 总结，概括，概述 Your final paragraph should summarize the main points of your essay. 最后一个段落应该总结一下你这篇论文的要点。 The interview was summarized on the front page of the newspaper. 这次采访在报纸的头版上有简要的报道。 The report was detailed and thorough; it didn't just summarize. 这篇报告内容详细透彻，不仅仅是一个概述。sum up /ˌsʌm ˈʌp/ [intransitive/transitive phrasal verb]to summarize something clearly and in very few words, especially at the end of a speech, report, or meeting 概括，总结〔尤指在演讲、报告或会议的最后〕 The Chairman's job was to introduce the speakers and to sum up at the end of the debate. 主席的工作是介绍发言人，并在辩论会结束时作总结。sum up something The last section of the report sums up the arguments on both sides. 报告的最后一部分对双方的观点作了总结。 In these few words the president summed up the feelings of the whole nation. 总统用这几句简短的话概括了全国人民的感受。sum something up I couldn't have summed it up better. 我只能这样总结。recap/give (somebody) a recap /riːˈkæp, ˌgɪv somebody ə ˈriːkæp/ [intransitive/transitive verb or intransitive/transitive phrasal verb]to make a short spoken statement summarizing what has already been said in order to remind someone of it 〔向某人〕作简要概括〔重述〕 If you missed the previous episode, Alistair Cooke starts off each week by recapping the story so far. 如果你错过了上一集也没关系，每个星期，阿利斯泰尔·库克都会在节目开始之前简要重述剧情发展。 To recap the legend: William Tell shot an apple off his son's head. 这个传说简单地说，就是威廉·特尔射落了放在他儿子头上的一个苹果。recap/give (sb) a recap of At the end of the article, Kohn gives a recap of the proposals. 科恩在文章的最后简要地概述了提议的内容。give (somebody) a rundown /ˌgɪv somebody ə ˈrʌndaʊn/ [verb phrase]to give someone a short, usually spoken report, especially about a series of events, including all the important facts 向〔某人〕简要汇报〔常为口头报告；尤指汇报一系列事件，包括所有重要事实〕 Before we go to work on this, you'd better give us a complete rundown. 在我们着手处理这个问题之前，你最好向我们作一完整的汇报。give (sb) a rundown on Baseball cards give a rundown on each player's statistics. 棒球卡简要介绍每个球员的资料。give (sb) a rundown of Can you give me a rundown of what was said at yesterday's meeting? 你能给我简要汇报一下昨天会上说的事情吗？2 a statement in which facts or ideas are summarized 对事情或观点作简要总结的陈述summary /ˈsʌməri/ [countable noun]a short statement that gives only the main ideas and facts of something that has been written or said 总结，梗概，概要 ‘The progress we hoped for has clearly not developed,’ the council said in the summary to its final report. “我们显然没有取得所希望的进展。”委员会在期末报告的总结中如是说。 In its report on the speech, the radio carried a brief summary, but did not broadcast the whole thing. 这个广播节目在报道这次演讲的时候只有一个简短的摘要，没有播出全部内容。summary of Write a two-page summary of the results of your research. 给你的研究结果写一篇两页长的总结。 I've made a summary of the main points in the Secretary General's speech. 我给总书记的讲话要点写了一个摘要。news summaryBritisha short programme reporting the main events in the news 【英】新闻综述 There will be a news summary at 9.05. 9点05分将播出新闻综述。outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ [countable noun usually singular]a short statement, especially a written one, that summarizes a statement or piece of writing and contains only the most important points 〔尤指书面的〕概要，提纲 Write a short outline covering the main points before you start on your essay. 动手写论文之前，先写一个提纲，列出主要论点。outline of The book begins with an outline of the events that led to the First World War. 这本书以概述导致第一次世界大战爆发的几个事件作开头。broad outlinea very general outline 大致的纲要 In this paper I will give a broad outline of the research we have been doing. 在这篇论文中，我将把我们所做的研究作一大概的介绍。in outlinegiving an outline 扼要地 This chapter shows, in outline, the way money circulates through the economy. 本章扼要地介绍了货币在经济体系里的流通方式。overview /ˈəʊvəʳvjuː/ [countable noun usually singular]a short statement that summarizes a whole subject, situation, or problem in a general way 〔对某一主题、情形或问题的〕纵览，概述 Before we can consider the details we need to have an overview of the whole situation. 我们在考虑具体的问题之前，需要对整个情况作一简单介绍。overview of The aim of the first chapter is to provide a general overview of the subjects that will be covered. 第一章的目的是对将要涉及的问题作一总览。rundown /ˈrʌndaʊn/ [countable noun usually singular]a report, especially a spoken one, that summarizes a set of events or a situation quickly and simply 简要的报告，简单的介绍〔尤指口头的〕rundown of I want a complete rundown of what's been happening while I've been away. 我想你把我不在时的情况，全部扼要地报告一下。 What follows is a rundown of all the ways one company tries to market its products. 接下来是简单介绍一下一家公司推销产品的所有方法。rundown on Here is a rundown on the outdoor activities available in the resort. 这里简单介绍度假中心里所提供的各种户外活动。precis /ˈpreɪsiːǁpreɪˈsiː/ [countable noun]a short piece of writing, especially one written by a student as a formal language exercise, intended to summarize the main points of a longer piece of writing 〔文章的〕提要，梗概，摘要〔尤指作为学生的正式语文练习〕precis of I want you to write a precis of the whole passage in not more than 80 words. 我要你们给这篇文章写个提要，字数不超过80个单词。synopsis /sɪˈnɒpsɪs, sɪˈnɒpsəsǁ-ˈnɑː-/ [countable noun]a short piece of writing that summarizes the story of a film, play, or book 〔电影、戏剧或书的〕概要，梗概，摘要 I read the synopsis and decided that it would make an interesting film. 我看了提要，觉得能拍成一部有趣的电影。synopsis of Please write a synopsis of the story, not more than 100 words long. 请给这个故事写一个不到100个单词的摘要。3 what you say when you are going to summarize something 即将总结某事时所说的话to sum up/to summarize/in summary /tə ˌsʌm ˈʌp, tə ˈsʌməraɪz, ɪn ˈsʌməri/ []use this at the beginning of a sentence when you are going to summarize what has been said, especially at the end of a speech 总而言之，概括地说〔用于句首，尤在演讲结束时使用〕 To sum up, the jury found the wrong person guilty. 总之，是陪审团定罪定错了人。 To summarize, Bremer is saying ‘you just have to trust me.’ 总之，布雷默是说“你就得相信我。” In summary, don't waste your money on this book. 概括地说，不要把金钱浪费在这本书上。in a nutshell /ɪn ə ˈnʌtʃel/ [adverb]use this when you are summarizing a situation or idea in a few words 简言之，简单地说〔用于扼要地对某一情形或观点作一总结〕 In a nutshell, the state government is expected to be $2 million in debt by the end of the year. 简单地说，预计到年底的时候，州政府将负债200万美元。 A study of women at work says, in a nutshell, that opportunities have opened up dramatically. 对职业妇女所作的一个调查概括地指出，现在机会大幅度增加了。put it in a nutshell Bob put it in a nutshell when he said the problems was essentially a lack of communication. 鲍勃总结说，问题主要在于缺乏沟通。in short /ɪn ˈʃɔːʳt/ [adverb]use this to say the most important point about a situation in a few words 简言之；总之〔用于简单地说明某一情形最重要的问题〕 In short, the report says that more money should be spent on education. 总而言之，报告说在教育上应该投入更多的钱。 In short, the better a parent you are during the first 18 years, the better friends you'll be later. 总而言之，在孩子18岁以前，你越是一个好家长，日后就越能成为他们的朋友。to cut a long story shortespecially British/to make a long story shortAmerican /tə kʌt ə ˌlɒŋ ˌstɔːri ˈʃɔːʳt, tə meɪk ə ˌlɒŋ ˌstɔːri ˈʃɔːʳtǁ-ˌlɔːŋ-/ [adverb]say this when you want to finish a story quickly and only tell people the most important parts 长话短说；简而言之 To make a long story short, Stephen had a fight with Paul and ended up in the hospital. 长话短说，史蒂芬和保罗打架，结果住进了医院。 I was a waitress in a bar and he was one of my customers, and that, to cut a long story short, is how we met. 我是酒吧女服务员，他是我的一位顾客—长话短说吧，我们就是这样认识的。4 to describe something in a general way, giving only the main points 大致地描写某事，只列出要点outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ [transitive verb]to describe something such as an idea, plan, or report by giving the main points of it, especially in writing 概述，略述〔尤在书面上〕 Each member of staff received a letter outlining their responsibilities and duties. 每一位员工都收到一封信，信中大致描述了各人的工作职责。 He declined to provide a copy of the report but agreed to outline its contents. 他拒绝提供报告的复印件，但是同意简述报告的内容。sketch out /ˌsketʃ ˈaʊt/ [transitive phrasal verb]to describe something such as a plan or an idea in a general way without giving any details or being very exact 概述，简述〔某一方案或观点等〕 In his letter, Marx sketched out his ideas for a new work on the history of capitalism in Britain. 马克思在信中简述了他关于英国资本主义历史的一部新著作的构思。 Could you sketch out for us exactly how you see this plan developing? 你能给我们确切地简述一下你认为这计划应该如何开展吗？