BE1 to be something2 when a group of people or things form something together3 to form a particular part or amount of somethingRELATED WORDSsee alsoCONSIST OFMEANING1 to be something 是某物；成为某物be /bi, strong biː/ [verb] Sacramento is the capital of California. 萨克拉门托是加州的首府。 Laurence Olivier was the greatest actor of his generation. 劳伦斯·奥利维尔是他那个时代最伟大的男演员。 The state of the economy is our biggest problem. 经济状况是我们当前最大的问题。 The Somme was the bloodiest battle of the First World War. 索姆河战役是第一次世界大战中最为血腥的一场战斗。 When it's finished, it will be the biggest office development in Europe. 完工之后，这儿将成为欧洲最大的商务区。represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ [transitive verb not in progressive]represent an improvement/an obstacle/a challenge etcformalused to say that something, especially something important or serious, should be thought of as a particular thing 【正式】应视为进步/障碍/挑战等 There is no doubt that this new type of tyre represents a major advance in road safety. 毫无疑问，这种新轮胎意味着道路交通安全方面的一大进步。 Einstein's theory represented a significant departure from previous theories. 爱因斯坦的理论标志着他在很大程度上脱离了旧有的理论。form /fɔːʳm/ [transitive verb]if somethingforms something else, it has physical qualities that gives it a particular purpose or makes it have a particular effect 形成，构成 The river formed a natural boundary between the two countries. 这条河在两个国家之间形成了一道自然分界线。 Oils produced by the skin form a protective barrier against infection and disease. 皮肤分泌的油脂构成了一道预防感染与疾病的屏障。make /meɪk/ [verb]to have the necessary qualities to be a particular thing or a particular type of person 成为〔某种东西或某种人〕 He'll make a good father. 他会成为一个好父亲。 This sofa doesn't make much of a bed. 这张沙发不大能当床睡。 You're quick but you'll never make a football player. 你速度很快，但你永远也成不了一名足球运动员。constitute /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt, ˈkɒnstətjuːtǁˈkɑːnsttuːt/ [transitive verb]formalif actions or behaviourconstitute something, they are officially or legally considered as being that thing 【正式】〔举动或行为从官方或法律观点来看〕构成 The local authority decided that the present housing conditions constituted a risk for the mother and baby. 地方当局认为目前的居住环境已对该母亲及婴儿构成了危险。 The spread of international crime and corruption constitutes a major threat to the global economy. 跨国犯罪与贪污现象的蔓延对全球经济构成了重大威胁。2 when a group of people or things form something together 由一组人或物构成某物make up/form /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp, fɔːʳm/ [verb]to be part of a particular group of people or to be the thing on which something else is based 构成，组成 The six states that make up New England are Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island. 组成新英格兰的六个州是缅因州、佛蒙特州、新罕布什尔州、马萨诸塞州、康涅狄格州以及罗得岛州。 These seven people made up the entire population of Oakminster. 这七个人构成了奥克明斯特的全部人口。 The results of these studies formed the basis of state education policy in the 1960s. 这些研究的结果成了20世纪60年代国家教育政策的基础。constitute /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt, ˈkɒnstətjuːtǁˈkɑːnsttuːt/ [transitive verb not in progressive]formalif a number of people or things together constitute something, they are the parts that together form that thing 【正式】构成，组成 Alaska is the largest of the fifty states that constitute the USA. 阿拉斯加是构成美国的50个州中最大的一个。 It is sometimes difficult to believe that the different groups living within our borders constitute a single society. 有时很难相信生活在我国境内的各个不同的群体竟会构成一个单一的社会。 Because journalists don't think the congressman constitutes much of a threat, they don't write or broadcast stories about him. 新闻记者认为那位国会议员不会构成什么威胁，所以就不在报上或电台电视节目中报道他的消息了。add up to /ˌæd ˈʌp tuː/ [transitive phrasal verb not in progressive]if a group of different thingsadd up to something, together they are that thing or they provide what is needed for the thing to exist 〔不同的事物〕构成；结果是 Good wine, excellent food, and interesting company - it all added up to a splendid evening. 美酒佳肴、良友作伴，这一切构成了一个极为美妙的晚上。 It adds up to a recipe for financial disaster. 这结果会酿成经济灾难。3 to form a particular part or amount of something 一些人或物形成某物的一部分account for/represent /əˈkaʊnt fɔːʳ, ˌreprɪˈzent/ [transitive phrasal verb not in progressive/transitive verb not in progressive]to be a particular amount or part of something 占；占有 In Japan, firms employing over 1000 people accounted for 50% of total employment. 在日本，员工超过1,000人的企业所聘的雇员人数占全部就业人数的50%。 This project alone represents half of the department's budget. 光是这一项目的经费就相当于该部门预算的一半。 Women now represent 48% of the workforce. 目前妇女占了总劳动力的48%。constitute /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt, ˈkɒnstətjuːtǁˈkɑːnsttuːt/ [transitive verb not in progressive]to be a particular part of something - use this especially to talk about scientific or official facts and figures 组成，构成〔尤用于陈述科学或官方事实和数据〕 Children constitute four out of every ten poor people in the United States. 美国每十个穷人中就有四个是儿童。 Nitrogen constitutes 78% of the earth's atmosphere. 氮气占地球大气的78%。